“地方营造”的历史复杂性——以广东茶阳为例  

The Historical Complexity of“Place-Making”:A Case Study of Chayang,Guangdong

作　　者：王劲 李郇[1] WANG Jin;LI Xun(School of Geography and Planning,Sun Yat-Sen University,Guangzhou 510275,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学地理科学与规划学院

出　　处：《城市与区域规划研究》2024年第2期196-209,共14页Journal of Urban and Regional Planning

摘　　要：广东省梅州市大埔县的中国历史文化名镇茶阳镇,是明代规划营建的一个地方县城。其县衙、学宫等官署及祠堂等建筑均坐南朝北,与传统相反,地名“茶阳”中“阳”字所表征的阴阳方位也与传统相反,是地方县城的特殊反例。文章一方面通过复原唐末到明中后期茶阳地区由聚落发展到县城的演变过程,总结影响营建的流域开发背景及地理环境等外部客观因素;另一方面通过梳理移民、乡绅及外官三类人群间的关联事件,揭示营建背后的人事纠葛与政治博弈等内部因素。文章证明即便模式化最强的明代县城营建,也会有跳出理想规划模式的“地方营造”,也会受局部环境特征、人事利益互动等多重偶然因素影响,其历史复杂性对今天的地方营造仍有借鉴意义。Chayang,a famous Chinese historical and cultural town in Dabu County,Meizhou City,Guangdong Province,is a local county town planned and constructed during the Ming Dynasty.Most of the important buildings here such as the county government offices,school palaces as well as ancestral halls all face north,different from traditional buildings.The position of yin and yang represented by the Chinese character“Yang”in the place name of Chayang is also opposite to traditional ones,serving as an exceptional counterexample of local county towns.On the one hand,this study,through reconstructing evolution of the Chayang area from a settlement to a county town from the late Tang Dynasty to the middle and late of Ming Dynasty,summarizes the external objective factors such as the background of watershed development and geographical environment that affect construction.On the other hand,by sorting out the related events among immigrants,local gentries and foreign officials,this paper reveals the internal factors such as interpersonal entanglement and political games behind city construction.Finally,this paper proves that even the most standardized construciotn of county towns in Ming Dynasty may deviate from the ideal planning model of“place making”and will also be affected by multiple accidental factors such as local environmental characteristics and interpersonal entanglement;its historical complexity still has reference significance for today’s local construction.

关 键 词：茶阳 地方营造 复杂性 个人因素 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]