山区城市航空应急救援场点布局研究  

Research on the layout of urban aviation emergency rescue sites in mountainous areas

作　　者：齐福强[1] 陈姝宁 孟明源 朱峰 QI Fuqiang;CHEN Shuning;MENG Mingyuan;ZHU Feng(School of Transportation Science and Engineering,Civil Aviation University of China,Tianjin 300300,China;Beijing Xuntian Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 101399,China)

机构地区：[1]中国民航大学交通科学与工程学院,天津300300 [2]北京循天科技有限公司,北京101399

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2025年第3期1067-1077,共11页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：天津市教委科研计划项目(2021SK040);云南省重点研发计划社会发展专项项目(202203AC100003)。

摘　　要：航空应急救援由于快速、高效、灵活、受地理空间限制少等优势,成为山区城市重要的救援方式。针对山区城市地形复杂、人口分散布局等特点,首先对山区城市应急救援需求进行分析,并通过手肘法和轮廓系数确定山区城市的应急救援需求聚类数量。其次,结合k-means算法确定聚类中心并基于山区城市应急需求进行叠加布局,以达到有效覆盖和最优需求。最后,以某山区城市为例进行航空应急救援布局,建立“2+10”,即“基地+起降点”的航空应急救援场点布局体系,可实现全域15 min航空应急覆盖。同时,兼顾应急资源配置的合理性,验证了航空应急救援场点布局方法的有效性,为未来山区城市航空救援工作提供了参考。The unique geographical environment and transportation conditions of mountainous cities pose serious challenges to the accessibility and safety of aerial emergency rescue.To solve this problem,this paper adopts a scientific method to select aviation emergency rescue points based on the actual demand for aviation emergency rescue in mountainous cities,combined with the diverse mountain rescue demand areas.To divide the rescue areas,this study uses two assessment tools:the elbow method and the contour coefficient method,to determine the reasonable number of clusters in the k-means algorithm,k.On this basis,the location of each cluster center is further clarified by calculating the Euclidean distance.Besides,to comprehensively assess the degree of need for building aviation emergency rescue points,this study,with the help of ArcGIS software,grads and superimposes a variety of vectorizable geographic information indicators,including the potential risk of flash floods and mudslides,seismic hazards,road traffic access,and natural geographic features such as elevation,topographic slope,geological type,and the socio-economic factor of population density.By taking these factors into account,it is possible to more accurately assess the extent of the need for the construction of aviation emergency rescue points.In the end,the clustering centers obtained by the k-means algorithm are superimposed on the importance of building rescue points based on geographic information analysis to determine the layout of aviation emergency rescue in mountainous cities.This layout system takes‘aviation emergency rescue base+emergency landing point’as the core,aiming to achieve effective coverage of rescue resources and optimal demand matching.In addition,through the specific analysis of actual cases,the optimal layout of aviation emergency rescue points in a mountainous city is determined according to the actual demand,and the‘2+10’secondary aviation emergency rescue infrastructure system is proposed,covering the entire mountainous c

关 键 词：公共安全 山区城市 应急救援 K-MEANS 航空应急救援 

分 类 号：X928[环境科学与工程—安全科学]