离场飞行程序四维航迹仿真及噪声影响分析  

Four-dimensional track simulation and noise influence analysis of departure flight procedure

作　　者：庄南剑 余劲修 谷润平[1] ZHUANG Nanjian;YU Jinxiu;GU Runping(School of Air Traffic Management,Civil Aviation University of China,Tianjin 300300,China)

机构地区：[1]中国民航大学空中交通管理学院,天津300300

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2025年第3期1192-1201,共10页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFB4302903);中央高校基本科研业务费项目(KJZ53420210102)。

摘　　要：为了更精确地评估机场终端区离场飞行程序的噪声,基于飞机性能数据基础(Base of Aircraft Data,BADA)模型,考虑飞机离场过程中爬升方式、推力和襟翼变化,建立能够针对多机型、多种飞行程序飞机离场飞行航迹模型。同时,结合噪声-功率-距离(Noise-Power-Distance,NPD)曲线建立了机场综合噪声评估模型,并利用综合噪声模型(Integrated Noise Model,INM)验证了建立模型的准确性。此外,以某机场为例,分析了减推力高度、加速高度、机型差异以及飞机的转弯方式等因素对机场噪声的影响。结果显示,B738在执行定点转弯时,噪声随减推力高度增加而增大,随加速高度增加而减小:减推力高度和加速高度每上升152 m,55 dB、60 dB、65 dB噪声等值线面积分别扩大3.3%、2.8%、2%和减小4.5%、4%、2.8%;当B738执行定高转弯程序时,转弯高度每上升152 m,55 dB噪声等值线面积扩大0.4%;飞机噪声不仅与飞机的推力和飞机与观测点之间的距离有关,还与飞机使用的发动机的噪声特性相关。机场的噪声主要取决于架次最多,产生噪音最大的机型,当机场执行定点转弯时,其噪声影响范围更固定;当机场执行定高转弯时,其噪声影响范围更为发散。研究可为机场终端区离场飞行程序减噪优化提供支持。To more accurately assess the noise impact of departure flight procedures in the airport terminal area,a departure flight path model for multiple aircraft types and procedures was developed.This model is based on the Base of Aircraft Data(BADA)and takes into account variations in climbing mode,thrust,and flap settings during the aircraft's departure process.By integrating the Noise-Power-Distance(NPD)curve,a comprehensive airport noise evaluation model was developed.The accuracy of this model was validated using the Integrated Noise Model(INM)software.As a case study,the model examines the effects of thrust reduction height,acceleration height,variations in aircraft types,and aircraft turning modes on airport noise levels.The results indicate that when the Boeing 737-800(B738)executes a fixed-point turn,noise levels increase with higher thrust reduction heights and decrease with greater acceleration heights.Specifically,for every 152 meters increase in thrust reduction height,the area of the noise contour of 55 dB,60 dB,65 dB increase by 3.3%,2.8%,and 2%,respectively.Conversely,for every 152 m increase in acceleration height,the area of the same noise contour decreases by 4.5%,4%,and 2.8%,respectively.When the B738 executes a fixed-height turning maneuver,the area of the 55 dB noise contour increases by 0.4%for every 152 meters increase in the turning height.Furthermore,aircraft noise is influenced not only by the aircraft's thrust and the distance from the aircraft to the observation point,but also by the specific noise characteristics of the engines used.Airport noise is primarily determined by the model with the highest frequency of flights and the most significant noise output.During fixed-point turns at airports,the noise impact range tends to be more consistent,whereas during fixed-height turns,the noise influence range becomes more variable.This study offers valuable insights to support the optimization of noise reduction strategies for departure flight procedures in airport terminal areas.

关 键 词：环境工程 飞机噪声 飞机性能数据基础模型 程序仿真 噪声评估 

分 类 号：X738[环境科学与工程—环境工程]