森林植被碳储量的遥感估测流程与方法  

A novel framework for forest vegetation carbon stock estimation based on remote sensing

作　　者：朱宁宁 杨必胜[1] 董震[1] ZHU Ningning;YANG Bisheng;DONG Zhen(State Key Laboratory of Surveying,Mapping and Remote Sensing Information Engineering,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430079,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学测绘遥感信息工程国家重点实验室,武汉430079

出　　处：《遥感学报》2025年第1期134-146,共13页NATIONAL REMOTE SENSING BULLETIN

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号:42101446);中国博士后科学基金(编号:2022T150488);自然资源部中国—东盟卫星遥感应用重点实验室开放基金(编号:GDMY202308)。

摘　　要：森林是陆地生态系统中最大的碳库,厘清森林碳储量本底和增汇潜力对实现国家的“双碳”战略目标具有重要意义。遥感具有宏观、综合、动态、快速、可重复等特点,针对遥感技术在森林植被碳计量中的瓶颈,本文基于单木的结构和生长方程构建森林植被碳计量新体系:(1)融合空—地激光雷达数据,提取单木胸径、树高和冠幅结构参数,建立单木级森林样地碳储量计算方法;(2)以冠层高度和郁闭度为核心变量,建立具有物理解释性的像素级区域森林碳储量模型,克服机器/深度学习遥感回归反演的不确定性;(3)基于像素级森林碳储量模型和单木生长方程,通过预测未来森林的冠层高度和郁闭度准确估算区域森林碳汇。本文以“森林样地碳储量—区域森林碳储量—区域森林碳汇”为主线,从样地到区域是空间尺度的拓展,从碳储量到碳汇是时间尺度的延伸,以此构建基于遥感的森林植被碳计量新体系。Forests constitute the largest carbon pools in terrestrial ecosystems,and elucidating their baseline carbon stock and carbon sink potential is crucial for attaining the nation’s“dual carbon”strategic objectives.Remote sensing,owing to its macroscale,comprehensive,dynamic,rapid,and reproducible nature,has addressed the limitations in carbon accounting for forest vegetation.The estimation of global/regional forest vegetation carbon sinks using spectral information from satellite remote sensing images,vertical structure information collected by airborne/satellite LiDAR,and ground observation data has become a popular topic.Establishing a forest vegetation carbon accounting method based on remote sensing is urgently needed to serve the national“dual carbon”goals and the demand of carbon trading market.This paper introduces a novel system for forest vegetation carbon accounting,grounded in the structure and growth equations of individual trees.Specifically,the system has the following characteristics:integrating airborne and terrestrial LiDAR data to extract structural parameters,including Diameter at Breast Height(DBH),tree height,and crown width,thereby establishing a carbon stock calculation method for forest plots at the individual tree level;developing a pixel-level regional forest carbon stock model with physical interpretability,utilizing canopy height and crown closure as key variables,to mitigate the uncertainty of machine/deep learning remote sensing regression inversion;accurately estimating regional forest carbon sinks by forecasting future forest canopy height and crown closure on the basis of the pixel-level forest carbon stock model and individual tree growth equations.Calculation of forest plot carbon stock.The DBH and tree height parameters are extracted by ground stations and unmanned aerial vehicle LiDAR,the biomass of individual trees is obtained using the allometric growth equation,and the carbon stock of forest plots is calculated.Calculation of regional forest carbon stock.The carbon s

关 键 词：森林碳储量 森林碳汇 碳计量 遥感 胸径—树高—冠幅—树龄 单木—样地—区域 单木结构方 程 单木生长方程 郁闭度 

分 类 号：P2[天文地球—测绘科学与技术]