风云四号A星和B星热红外数据辐射一致性研究  

Radiometric consistency analysis of thermal infrared data between Chinese FY-4 A and B satellites

作　　者：王宝震 任华忠[1,2,4] 穆晓东 朱金顺[1] 刘镕源 赵聪 WANG Baozhen;REN Huazhong;MU Xiaodong;ZHU Jinshun;LIU Rongyuan;ZHAO Cong(Institute of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System,School of Earth and Space Sciences,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;Beijing Key Lab of Spatial Information Integration and Its Application,Beijing 100871,China;Hainan Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Haikou 571126,China;University Joint Remote Sensing Application Research Center,Ministry of Education,Beijing 100871,China;China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Natural Resources,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学地球与空间科学学院遥感与地理信息系统研究所,北京100871 [2]空间信息集成与3S工程应用北京市重点实验室,北京100871 [3]海南省环境科学研究院,海口571126 [4]教育部高校联合遥感应用研究中心,北京100871 [5]中国自然资源航空物探遥感中心,北京100083

出　　处：《遥感学报》2025年第1期232-246,共15页NATIONAL REMOTE SENSING BULLETIN

基　　金：国家自然科学基金优秀青年基金(编号:42222107);民用航天技术预先研究项目(编号:D040102);生态及遥感监测运维项目—热异常遥感监测(编号:BJMEMC-ZC-2022135)。

摘　　要：静止轨道卫星对地观测是获取地表温度、大气参数的重要方式。作为中国第二代静止气象卫星,风云四号卫星A星和B星的组网观测可大幅度扩大气象观测范围和提高数据利用效率。在联合使用之前,需要对两颗星载荷的相同波段的辐射一致性进行探索。本文提出了一种校正静止轨道卫星观测角度效应和光谱响应函数差异的方法,以对地观测热红外波段数据为例,在敦煌定标场、呼伦贝尔草原、巢湖、南海4个研究区开展了风云四号A/B卫星3个热红外波段(中心波长:8.5μm、10.8μm、12.0μm)辐射一致性研究。基于消除了时空差异、观测角度差异和光谱响应函数差异数据的分析结果表明,风云四号A星和B星的3个热红外波段观测亮温间具有很强的正相关性,亮温的误差较小,辐射一致性较好,但不同热红外波段之间的辐射一致性略有不同。第二热红外波段亮温一致性优于第三波段,第三波段表现优于第一波段。3个波段的亮温均方根误差处于0.28—1.51 K,偏差处于-1.13—0.85 K。第二、三波段的亮温差呈现明显的正偏态分布,第一波段的亮温差呈现负偏态分布。针对本文提出的校正方法,比较校正前后的统计结果,发现校正方法适用,且角度效应的校正方法能够明显降低两颗卫星热红外波段的亮温差异。两颗卫星热红外辐射一致性还受地类影响,在不同的地表类型下,3个波段的一致性表现略有差异。本文的研究成果可为风云四号A/B卫星热红外数据的联合使用提供重要依据。The observation of geostationary orbit satellites,with the characteristics of wide range,high frequency,and fixed point observation,provides an important way to obtain land surface and atmospheric parameters and can monitor the change in land surface temperature over long time series.As the second generation of China’s geostationary meteorological satellites,FY-4 A and B satellites’constellation observation greatly expand the scope of meteorological observation and improve data utilization efficiency.Before the joint use of the two satellites’data,the radiometric consistency between the same-band observations of the two satellites needs to be explored.Taking the thermal infrared band data as an example,this study assessed the radiometric consistency between three thermal infrared bands(centered at 8.5μm,10.8μm,and 12.0μm)of FY-4 A and B satellites in four experimental areas:Dunhuang calibration field,Hulunbuir Grassland,Chaohu Lake,and South China Sea.The heterogeneity of the Dunhuang calibration field and Hulunbuir Grassland study areas was evaluated first.A method was then proposed to correct the angular effects and spectral response function differences in observation from geostationary orbit satellites.This method corrected the angular effects by establishing empirical relationships between simulated radiance data at different viewing angles and eliminated spectral response function differences by correcting brightness temperature and radiance on the basis of lookup tables.Finally,this method was used to correct the thermal infrared data of the two satellites at the same observation time,and the brightness temperatures after correction were compared to analyze the radiometric consistency of the corresponding thermal infrared bands.Based on the data analysis,after the removal of the differences in space-time,observation angle,and spectral response function of the two satellites,the results show a strong positive correlation between the brightness temperatures of the three thermal infrared bands on FY-

关 键 词：遥感 静止轨道卫星 风云四号 AGRI 热红外辐射 地表温度 亮温 一致性比较 

分 类 号：P2[天文地球—测绘科学与技术]