湖南省高中生抑郁症状影响因素及与饮食行为的关联性研究  

A study on the influencing factors of depressive symptoms and their association with eating behavior among high school students in Hunan Province

作　　者：张裕 王非[2] 陈艳华[2] 李开宇[2] 胡冀[2] 谭雅卿 陈曦[2] ZHANG Yu;WANG Fei;CEHN Yan-hua;LI Kai-yu;HU Ji;TAN Ya-qing;CHEN Xi(School of Public Health,University of South China,Hengyang 421001,China)

机构地区：[1]南华大学公共卫生学院,湖南衡阳421001 [2]湖南省疾病预防控制中心,湖南长沙410005

出　　处：《中国健康教育》2025年第2期133-137,共5页Chinese Journal of Health Education

基　　金：湖南省卫生健康委科研计划项目(S2021JJKWLH0201)。

摘　　要：目的了解湖南省高中生抑郁症状流行现况,为今后制定抑郁防控方案提供科学依据。方法采用分层整群抽样方法于2021年10—11月从湖南省抽取17555名高中生,采用《学生健康状况及影响因素调查表》(中学版)进行问卷调查获取数据,采用χ^(2)检验和Logistic回归分析抑郁症状的流行现况和与饮食习惯的关联性。结果湖南省高中生抑郁症状检出率为24.45%。男生检出率(23.02%)显著低于女生(25.82%),普高学生检出率(22.76%)显著低于职高学生(29.91%),城区学生检出率(25.53%)显著高于郊县学生(21.79%),汉族学生检出率(22.92%)显著低于少数民族学生(31.77%),住校学生检出率(25.12%)显著高于走读学生(23.25%),以上差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。多因素回归分析结果显示,以从不喝含糖饮料的学生为参照,喝含糖饮料的学生发生抑郁症状风险的OR值为1.169(95%CI:1.064~1.285);以从不吃油炸食品的学生为参照,吃油炸食品的学生发生抑郁症状风险的OR值为1.272(95%CI:1.157~1.398);以吃新鲜水果的学生为参照,从不吃新鲜水果的学生抑郁症状风险的OR值为1.454(95%CI:1.293~1.636);以吃蔬菜的学生为参照,从不吃蔬菜的学生发生抑郁症状风险的OR值为1.460(95%CI:1.270~1.678);以做到天天吃早餐的学生为参照,未做到天天吃早餐的学生发生抑郁症状风险的OR值为2.702(95%CI:2.501~2.919)。结论职高、居住在城区、少数民族、女生、住校的学生抑郁症状检出率更高。不健康的饮食行为与抑郁症状呈正相关,提示改善学生饮食习惯对于促进学生心理健康具有积极意义。Objective To understand the current prevalence of depression symptoms among high school students in Hunan Province,and to provide a scientific basis for future depression prevention and control plans.Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 17555 high school students from Hunan Province from October to November2021.A questionnaire survey was conducted by using"Survey Form on Student Health Status and Influencing Factors"(Secondary School Edition).The prevalence of depressive symptoms and their association with dietary habits were analyzed by Chi square test and logistic regression analysis.Results The prevalence of depression among senior high school students in Hunan Province was 24.45%.The detection rate of males(23.02%)was significantly lower than that of females(25.82%).The detection rate of general high school students(22.76%)was significantly lower than that of vocational high school students(29.91%).The detection rate of urban students(25.53%)was significantly higher than that of suburban students(21.79%).The detection rate of Han students(22.92%)was significantly lower than that of ethnic minority students(31.77%).The detection rate of residential students(25.12%)was significantly higher than that of day students(23.25%),the above differences were statistically significant(P<0.01).Compared to students who never drank sugary drinks,students who drank sugary drinks had an OR value of 1.169(95%CI:1.064-1.285)for the risk of depression symptoms.Compared to students who never ate fried foods,students who ate fried foods had an OR value of 1.272(95%CI:1.157-1.398)for the risk of depression symptoms.Compared to students who ate fresh fruits,students who never ate fresh fruits had an OR value of 1.454(95%CI:1.293-1.636)for the risk of depression symptoms.Compared to students who ate vegetables,students who never ate vegetables had an OR value of 1.460(95%CI:1.270-1.678)for the risk of depression symptoms.Compared to students who had breakfast every day,students who did not have breakfast ev

关 键 词：抑郁 饮食行为 高中生 流行现况 影响因素 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]