南阳方言情态副词“高低”及其来源  

On the Modal Adverb“Gaodi”in Nanyang Dialect and Its Origin

作　　者：李玉晶 LI Yujing(School of literature and Journalism,Guangdong Ocean University,Zhanjiang 524088,Guangdong,China;Institute of Literature,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 100732,China)

机构地区：[1]广东海洋大学文学与新闻传播学院,广东湛江524088 [2]中国社会科学院文学研究所,北京100732

出　　处：《铜仁学院学报》2025年第1期89-98,共10页Journal of Tongren University

基　　金：广东省哲学社会科学规划项目“豫鄂陕交界地带情态范畴对比研究”(GD20CZY04);广东省高等教育学会“十四五”规划2023年度高等教育研究课题“新时代Seminar教学法在古代汉语课程思政建设中的应用研究”(23GYB31)。

摘　　要：南阳方言情态副词“高低”有多种用法,可表“稍微”“无论如何”“一定”“终究”义,能与多种句法成分共现,根据修饰对象的不同在句中位于不同位置,还具有语篇衔接功能。结合历史文献,“高低”的形成经历了词汇化、语法化过程,表现为两个反义关系的形容词“高”“低”共现于同一构式,从名词短语词汇化为名词,再语法化为副词,隐喻、转喻中的语义泛化、语境义吸纳、伴随义凸显化以及语义偏指是其演变的重要机制。南阳方言情态副词“高低”的多功能用法是对明清用法的继承与发展。Gaodi is a multi-functional modal adverb in Nanyang dialect,which can express the meanings of"slightly","no matter what","definitely",and"ultimately".It can appear with many syntactic constituents and flexibly change its syntactic position with different focus,and has the textual function.Combining with historical documents,the formation of Gaodi has gone through the process of lexicalization and grammaticalization,which is embodied in the co-occurrence of two antonym adjectives Gao and Di in the same construction,from noun phrase lexicalization to noun and then grammatical to adverb.This evolution is the result of metaphor,semantic generalization,contextual meaning absorption,concomitant semantic salience and semantic biased reference.Gaodi of multi-functional modal adverb in Nanyang dialect is the inheritance and development of its usage in the Ming and Qing dynasties.

关 键 词：南阳方言 高低 情态副词 语篇功能 来源 

分 类 号：H17[语言文字—汉语]