金属纳米颗粒对枯草芽孢杆菌和副溶血弧菌的生长毒性  

Growth Toxic Effects of Metal Nanoparticles on Bacillus subtilis and Vibrio parahaemolyticus

作　　者：陈诗宇 夏斌[2] 朱琳[2] 李双 李秋芬[2] 孙雪梅[2] 戴伟 CHEN Shiyu;XIA Bin;ZHU Lin;LI Shuang;LI Qiufen;SUN Xuemei;DAI Wei(Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aqua-Ecology and Aquaculture,College of Fisheries,Tianjin Agricultural University,Tianjin 300384,China;Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China)

机构地区：[1]天津农学院水产学院天津市水产生态及养殖重点实验室,天津300384 [2]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《渔业科学进展》2025年第2期216-227,共12页Progress in Fishery Sciences

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划(2020CXGC010703);国家自然科学基金(42107137);中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费(2023TD13);崂山实验室科技创新项目(LSKJ202203903);山东省泰山学者专项(tsqn202211267)共同资助。

摘　　要：金属纳米颗粒由于具有特殊的理化性能而得到广泛应用,随着其废弃物的排放,金属纳米颗粒不可避免地进入海洋中,其对海洋环境的安全性受到广泛关注。为研究常见金属纳米颗粒对海洋细菌的生长毒性,本研究以从渤海湾环境中分离的枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis,革兰氏阳性菌)和副溶血弧菌(Vibrio parahaemolyticus,革兰氏阴性菌)为受试生物,以常见的金属纳米颗粒为研究对象,借助非接触式电导率传感器(CCS)法研究其对枯草芽孢杆菌和副溶血弧菌的生长抑制效应。研究结果显示,纳米金(Au NPs)、纳米银(Ag NPs)、纳米氧化银(Ag_(2)O NPs)、纳米二氧化钛(TiO_(2) NPs)能够抑制枯草芽孢杆菌和副溶血弧菌的生长,其在12 h时使20%的枯草芽孢杆菌受到抑制影响的效应浓度(12 h-EC_(20)值)分别为1.81、0.03、1.71和54.43mg/L;对副溶血弧菌的12 h-EC_(20)值分别为8.11、0.16、2.97和81.55 mg/L;在本研究设定的浓度范围内,纳米氧化锌(ZnO NPs)和纳米氧化铁(Fe_(2)O_(3) NPs)对副溶血弧菌的生长表现出促进作用,而对枯草芽孢杆菌表现出抑制作用。本研究通过CCS法研究并分析了6种常见的金属纳米颗粒对枯草芽孢杆菌和副溶血弧菌的毒性效应,并获取了这6种金属纳米颗粒对上述2种细菌的EC_(20)值,该EC_(20)值可为我国全面系统的构建金属纳米材料在海洋生态系统中的环境风险评估提供理论依据。Metal nanoparticles have been widely used in ceramics,the chemical industry,communication,and biomedicine because of their large specific surface area,small size,good photoelectric performance,and other excellent physical and chemical properties.With this widespread use,waste is inevitably produced that enters into the environment.Concurrently,organic colloids from natural sources,dust aerosols from volcanic eruptions,and other metal nanoparticles also widely exist in nature which can be transferred directly or indirectly into the ocean through sewage dumping,air subsidence,and surface runoff,thereby threatening marine environments.Marine bacteria are the most abundant microbial group in marine ecosystems and play an important role in matter circulation,energy flow,and the maintenance of marine ecosystem diversity.With the increase in the concentration of metal nanoparticles in the marine environment,their impact on the physiological ecology of marine bacteria needs further research.Recently,a new type of automated phenotypic method—the non-contact conductivity sensor(CCS)method—has been developed and applied to obtain data on the toxic effects of nanomaterials on bacteria.The improved capacitance-coupled noncontact conductivity detector is mainly used for online and real-time monitoring of the conductivity of microbial culture fluids.The obtained response values are proportional to the concentration and mobility of the ionic current in culture mediums.Since the uncharged or weakly charged substrate will be converted into highly charged small-molecule substances during the growth and proliferation of bacteria—thus increasing the culture medium conductivity—the bacterial growth process can be recorded quickly and accurately by detecting the change in the conductivity of the culture medium.Bacteria are divided into Gram-positive and Gram-negative according to their different cell structures.The cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria has a larger outer membrane composed of tightly packed lipopolysaccharide mole

关 键 词：金属纳米颗粒 枯草芽孢杆菌 副溶血弧菌 EC_(20) 生长毒性 

分 类 号：X17[环境科学与工程—环境科学]