高铁地板型材粒子阻尼技术减振降噪设计  

Vibration and Noise Reduction Design of Particle Damping Technique of High-speed Rail Floor Profiles

作　　者：汤晏宁 戴宇 肖望强 邵堃 TANG Yanning;DAI Yu;XIAO Wangqiang;SHAO Kun(Acoustic Laboratory of CRRC Changchun Train Transit Co.,Ltd.,Changchun 130062,China;School of Aerospace Engineering,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361000,Fujian,China)

机构地区：[1]中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司声学实验室,长春130062 [2]厦门大学航空航天学院,福建厦门361000

出　　处：《噪声与振动控制》2025年第2期145-150,242,共7页Noise and Vibration Control

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2021YFB3801803);中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划资助项目(P2021J035);福建省科技计划资助项目(2022H6003);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金厦门大学校长基金资助项目(20720210042)。

摘　　要：高铁速度的提升使得高铁振动噪声问题越来越严重,而高铁地板型材作为振动噪声传递路径的重要一环,成为减振降噪设计的关键。本文通过引入粒子阻尼技术对高铁地板型材进行减振降噪设计,首先建立地板型材有限元模型,进行模态分析以及谐响应分析,为后续减振设计提供依据;随后对粒子阻尼器外观进行设计,并建立粒子阻尼器离散元模型,通过离散元模型分析不同粒子阻尼器配置参数对于系统耗能的影响,从而得到最优粒子阻尼器配置参数;接着进行激振实验对仿真结果进行验证,实验结果表明,实验效果与仿真效果趋势基本一致,证明离散元模型的有效性;最后对地板型材安装最优配置粒子阻尼器进行隔声实验,实验效果良好,证明粒子阻尼器对地板铝型材的有效性和良好的工程应用前景。The increase of the speed of high-speed trains makes their vibration and noise problem more and more serious,and the floor profile of high-speed train,as an important part of the vibration and noise transmission path,becomes the key of vibration and noise reduction design.Therefore,in this paper,the particle damping technique for the vibration and noise reduction design of high-speed train floor profiles was introduced.Firstly,the finite element model of the floor profile was established,and the modal analysis and harmonic response analysis were carried out,which provided the basis for the subsequent vibration reduction design.Subsequently,the appearance of the particle damper was designed and the discrete element model of the particle damper was established.And then,the influence of different particle damper configuration parameters on the system energy consumption was analyzed through the discrete element model to obtain the optimal particle damper configuration parameters.The simulation results were verified by conducting excitation experiments.It is shown that the experimental effect is consistent with the trend of the simulation effect,which proves the effectiveness of the discrete element model.Finally,the optimal configuration of the floor profile installation of the particle dampers was given for sound insulation experiments,and the experimental results were good,which proves the effectiveness of particle dampers for the floor aluminum profiles and provides good engineering application prospects.

关 键 词：振动与波 高铁型材 粒子阻尼 离散元 减振降噪 

分 类 号：U270.1.6[机械工程—车辆工程]