论事故调查报告的证据归类与司法审查  

On the Evidence Classification and Judicial Review of the Accident Investigation Report

作　　者：卢迪 赵艺绚 Lu Di;Zhao Yixuan

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学司法文明协同创新中心 [2]中国社会科学院法学研究所

出　　处：《风险灾害危机研究》2024年第1期3-24,共22页Journal of Risk, Disaster & Crisis Research

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“自然灾害综合防治立法研究”(19BFX180)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：事故调查报告对关联刑事案件事实通常起到重要的证明作用,其刑事证据能力已经得到司法解释的认可,但其证据种类归属以及司法审查规则尚不明确。刑事诉讼场域中,事故调查报告本质上属于行政机关收集的鉴定意见,目的在于解决事实认定过程中的专门性问题,兼具“实践科学证据”和“经验科学证据”两种属性。对事故调查报告的司法审查应当注意对专门性问题的拆分,结合相关行政法律规范,并且侧重对其科学性、可靠性的实质性审查。为了事故调查与刑事诉讼的有序衔接,应当坚持技术调查与司法调查相结合,并明确监察机关、公安机关和人民检察院在事故调查过程中的职责与权限。Accident investigation report usually plays an important role in proving the facts of related criminal cases,and its ability of criminal evidence has been recognized by judicial interpretation,but the types of evidence and the rules of judicial review are not clear.In the field of criminal proceedings,the accident investigation report essentially belongs to the appraisal opinions collected by the administrative organs,aiming to solve the specialized problems in the process of fact determination,and has two attributes of“practical scientific evidence”and“empirical scientific evidence”.The judicial review of the accident investigation report should pay attention to the separation of the specialized issues,combining with the relevant administrative laws and norms,and focus on the substantive nature of its scientificity and reliability examine.In order to orderly connect accident investigation with criminal proceedings,we should adhere to the combination of technical investigation and judicial investigation,and clarify the duties and powers of supervisory organs,public security organs and people's procuratorates in the course of accident investigation.

关 键 词：事故调查 科学证据 司法审查 行刑衔接 

分 类 号：D925.2[政治法律—诉讼法学] D922.54[政治法律—法学]