重庆市中学生食用加工肉制品现况及影响因素分析  

Analysis of the consumption patterns and influencing factors of processed meat products among middle school students in Chongqing

作　　者：张杜 苏雨 白杨[1,2] 赵聆希 文亚奇 姜科 李周蓉 李升平 张来曦 赵勇 ZHANG Du;SU Yu;BAI Yang;ZHAO Lingxi;WEN Yaqi;JIANG Ke;LI Zhourong;LI Shengping;ZHANG Laixi;ZHAO Yong(School of Public Health,Chongqing Medical University,Chongqing 400016,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学公共卫生学院,重庆400016 [2]川渝区域性营养创新平台 [3]重庆市九龙坡区疾病预防控制中心 [4]重庆市妇幼保健院

出　　处：《中国预防医学杂志》2025年第2期193-198,共6页Chinese Preventive Medicine

基　　金：中国营养学会-科学普及与传播研究基金资助项目(CNS-SCP2020-34);重庆市科学技术协会2023年度智库调研课题立项项目(2023KXKT12)。

摘　　要：目的了解重庆市中学生对加工肉制品的食用情况及其影响因素,为开展健康风险评估提供基础数据和科学依据。方法2023年1—2月,采用整群随机抽样的方法,抽取重庆市32个区县的中学生进行网络调查,通过填写自制中学生饮食行为问卷获取数据,采用多元logistic回归模型进行影响因素分析。结果本研究有效调查中学生9924名,加工肉制品食用频率0~2次/周(低频)、3~6次/周(中频)、≥7次/周(高频)的学生分别有6877名(69.30%)、1864名(18.78%)和1183名(11.92%)。不同年龄(F=7.29,P<0.01)、性别(χ^(2)=25.68,P<0.05)、居住地(χ^(2)=8.05,P<0.05)、学段(χ^(2)=12.46,P<0.05)、零食消费占比(χ^(2)=117.53,P<0.05)、食物营养素养水平(χ^(2)=20.92,P<0.05)、体质量指数(χ^(2)=13.49,P<0.05)、是否从网络获取营养科普(χ^(2)=14.09,P<0.05)、是否从讲座课程获取营养科普(χ^(2)=30.76,P<0.05)的中学生食用加工肉制品频率差异均有统计学意义。女性(OR=0.75,95%CI:0.69~0.82)、居住农村(OR=0.84,95%CI:0.77~0.92)、中等食物营养素养水平(OR=0.87,95%CI:0.78~0.97)、从讲座课程获取营养科普(OR=0.78,95%CI:0.71~0.85)会降低过度食用加工肉制品的风险;而年龄偏大(OR=1.05,95%CI:1.002~1.09)、非独生子女(OR=1.27,95%CI:1.14~1.41)、肥胖(OR=1.30,95%CI:1.10~1.53)、零食消费占比(20%~<40%:OR=1.35,95%CI:1.22~1.49;40%~<60%:OR=2.03,95%CI:1.73~2.38;60%~<80%:OR=2.03,95%CI:0.91~2.27;≥80%:OR=2.05,95%CI:1.31~3.22)会增加过度食用加工肉制品的风险。结论重庆市中学生存在加工肉制品食用过度问题,应侧重对城镇地区、男性、年龄偏大、非独生子女、肥胖、食物营养素养偏低、零食消费占比超过20%的中学生,联动学校、家庭、社会多方力量,从明确健康教育要点、注重多孩照料、改良零食工艺等层面综合干预。Objective To investigate the consumption patterns of processed meat products among middle school students in Chongqing and identify the influencing factors,providing foundational data and a scientific basis for health risk assessments.Methods From January to February 2023,a cluster random sampling method was employed to survey middle school students across 32 districts and counties in Chongqing using an online questionnaire designed to capture dietary behaviors.A multivariate logistic regression model was used for the analysis of influencing factors.Results A total of 9924 middle school students were effectively surveyed.The frequency of processed meat consumption was categorized as low(0-2 times/week,6877 students,69.30%),medium(3-6 times/week,1864 students,18.78%),and high(≥7 times/week,1183 students,11.92%).There were statistically significant differences in frequency of consumption of processed meat among middle school students with different ages,genders,residence,educational stage,proportion of snack consumption,level of food and nutrition literacy,body mass index(BMI),and sources of nutritional information(F=7.29,P<0.01;χ^(2)=25.68,8.05,12.46,117.53,20.92,13.49,14.09,30.76,P<0.05).Female students(OR=0.75,95%CI:0.69-0.82),those living in rural areas(OR=0.84,95%CI:0.77-0.92),with moderate food nutrition literacy(OR=0.87,95%CI:0.78-0.97),and those receiving nutritional education from lectures(OR=0.78,95%CI:0.71-0.85)were at a reduced risk of excessive processed meat consumption.Conversely,older age(OR=1.05,95%CI:1.002-1.09),non-only children(OR=1.27,95%CI:1.14-1.41),obesity(OR=1.30,95%CI:1.10-1.53),and higher proportions of snack consumption(20%-<40%:OR=1.35,95%CI:1.22-1.49;40%-<60%:OR=2.03,95%CI:1.73-2.38;60%-<80%:OR=2.03,95%CI:0.91-2.27;≥80%:OR=2.05,95%CI:1.31-3.22)were associated with an increased risk of excessive consumption of processed meat products.Conclusions Middle school students in Chongqing have the problem of excessive consumption of processed meat products.Interventions should focus on urb

关 键 词：加工肉制品 中学生 饮食习惯 

分 类 号：R153.2[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]