中国中老年人群抑郁症流行现状、地区差异及影响因素研究  

Study on the prevalence of depression in the middle-aged and elderly population in China,regional differences and influencing factors

作　　者：周鹏飞 肖锋 杨孝光 李刚 李易飞 郭彦杉 徐宽宇 李运明 ZHOU Pengfei;XIAO Feng;YANG Xiaoguang;LI Gang;LI Yifei;GUO Yanshan;XU Kuanyu;LI Yunming(Department of Health Economics,the General Hospital of Western Theater Command,Chengdu 610083,P.R.China;Medical Support Center,the General Hospital of Western Theater Command,Chengdu 610083,P.R.China;Department of Information,Medical Support Center,the General Hospital of Western Theater Command,Chengdu 610083,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]西部战区总医院卫生经济科,成都610083 [2]西部战区总医院医疗保障中心,成都610083 [3]西部战区总医院医疗保障中心信息科,成都610083

出　　处：《中国循证医学杂志》2025年第3期273-279,共7页Chinese Journal of Evidence-based Medicine

摘　　要：目的 分析中国45岁及以上中老年人群抑郁症的患病率、地区差异及影响因素。方法 数据来源于中国健康与养老追踪调查(CHARLS)2020年最新调查数据,采用CES-D-10量表评估受访者的抑郁症,并采用χ^(2)检验及二元logistic回归筛选抑郁症的影响因素。结果 共纳入有效样本10 583例,男性占比47.7%,女性占比52.3%,平均年龄(65.3±8.0)岁。研究人群CES-D-10量表平均得分(9.11±6.53)分,抑郁症患病率为40.5%[95%CI(39.6%,41.5%)],中西部地区人群抑郁症患病率高于东部地区。性别、年龄、是否与伴侣同居、学历、地区、城乡、睡眠时长、是否上网、是否饮酒、慢性病数量、是否有日常生活活动及工具性日常生活活动障碍是中老年人群抑郁症的影响因素。结论 中国中老年人群抑郁症患病率处于较高水平,但不同特征的中老年人群患病率存在较大差异,在改善中老年人群心理健康状况时应当对高危人群进行重点关注。Objective To analyze the prevalence,regional differences,and influencing factors of depression in the middle-aged and elderly population aged 45 years and above in China.Methods Data were obtained from the latest survey data of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS)in 2020,and the CES-D-10 scale was used to assess depression among respondents,andχ^(2) test and binary logistic regression were used to screen for the influencing factors of depression.Results A total of 10583 valid samples were included,with 47.7%males and 52.3%females,and the mean age was(65.3±8.0)years.The average CES-D-10 scale score of the study population was(9.11±6.53),and the prevalence rate of depression was 40.5%(95%CI 39.6%to 41.5%),with a significantly higher prevalence rate of depression in the Midwestern population than the Eastern population.The gender,age,living with a partner,education,region,urban/rural,duration of sleep,internet access,alcohol consumption,number of chronic diseases,and the presence of ADL and IADL disorders are the influencing factors of depression in middle-aged and elderly populations.Conclusion The prevalence of depression in the middle-aged and elderly population in China is high,but there are significant differences in the prevalence rates of populations with different characteristics,and the high-risk groups should be emphasized when improving the mental health of the middle-aged and elderly population.

关 键 词：抑郁症 中老年 心理健康 影响因素 CHARLS 

分 类 号：R74[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]