全球公民还是全球贸易——产业组织理论视角下欧美国家国际学生流动的经济效应  

Global Citizens or Global Trade:The Economic Effects of International Student Mobility from the Perspective of Industrial Organization Theory

作　　者：樊成 马星 FAN Cheng;MA Xing(School of Digital Economics and Management,Wuxi University,Wuxi Jiangsu 214105;Institute of Higher Education,Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology,Nanjing Jiangsu 210044)

机构地区：[1]无锡学院数字经济与管理学院,江苏无锡214105 [2]南京信息工程大学高等教育研究所,江苏南京210044

出　　处：《比较教育研究》2025年第3期43-52,共10页International and Comparative Education

基　　金：国家社会科学基金“十四五”规划2022年度教育学一般课题“高质量发展背景下中国一流大学社会服务能力建设研究”(BIA220080)。

摘　　要：国际学生流动被欧美国家赋予培养全球公民的重要使命,但是在全球公民教育“大旗”之下,繁荣的教育出口产业是国际学生流动更为显性的现实样态。政府、企业、大学等市场主体视国际学生为“摇钱树”,为国际学生流动提供市场规则、代理服务和付费知识,形成由产业政策制定者、教育机会贩卖者和知识产品生产者组成的市场结构。国际学生流动的市场结构决定其教育出口产能,塑造其国际学生流动的卖方市场地位,并通过竞争、供求和价格等市场行为实现产值最大化,产生收入多元效应、人力资本效应和技术创新效应。面对国内外政治经济环境不确定性,调适市场结构的多主体利益冲突并采取适切的市场行为,成为欧美国家国际学生流动经济效应持续显现的关键。International student mobility plays a significant role in the cultivation of global citizens in European and the United States.However,beneath the banner of global citizenship education,the thriving education export industry is a more explicit reality of international student mobility.Governments,corporations,universities,and other market players view international students as a"cash cow,'providing market rules,agency services,and paid knowledge for the mobility of international students.This has formed a market structure composed of industrial policymakers,educational opportunity merchants,and knowledge product producers.The market structure of international student mobility determines its education export capacity,shapes its seller's market position in international student flow,and maximizes output value through market behaviors such as competition,supply and demand,and pricing.This generates effects of diversified income,human capital enhancement,and technological'innovation.Facing the uncertainty of the political and economic environment both domestically and internationally,adjusting the multi-stakeholder interest conflicts within the market structure and adopting appropriate market behaviors have become the key to the continuous manifestation of the economic effects of international student mobility in European and the United States.

关 键 词：高等教育 国际化 国际学生 全球公民教育 全球教育产业 

分 类 号：G510[文化科学—教育学]