2021年秋季黄海颗石藻群落结构特征及影响因素探讨  

Community structure and influencing factors of living coccolithophores in the Yellow Sea in autumn 2021

作　　者：栾青杉[1,2] 袁涌铨[3,4] 时永强 刘永健[1,2] 韩青鹏 LUAN Qingshan;YUAN Yongquan;SHI Yongqiang;LIU Yongjian;HAN Qingpeng(State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods,Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China;National Field Observation and Research Center for Changdao Marine Fisheries Resources,Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Yantai 265800,China;CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences,Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Qingdao 266404,China;Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science,Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center,Qingdao 266237,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所海水养殖生物育种与可持续产出全国重点实验室,山东青岛266071 [2]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所山东长岛近海渔业资源国家野外科学观测研究站,山东烟台265800 [3]中国科学院海洋研究所海洋生态与环境科学重点实验室,山东青岛266404 [4]青岛海洋科技中心海洋生态与环境科学功能实验室,山东青岛266237

出　　处：《海洋科学》2024年第12期44-58,共15页Marine Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(42106116);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(20603022022006,23TD01)。

摘　　要：为查明秋季黄海颗石藻分布及其影响因素,作者于2021年秋季对黄海颗石藻(Coccolithophore)群落进行了大范围海水膜过滤采样,使用扫描电镜方法对颗石藻物种组成、丰度及多样性进行了定性和定量分析,并进一步研究了颗石藻分布与水体溶解无机营养盐含量和结构分布的关系。共记录颗石藻31种(含6种形态型),优势种主要有赫氏艾密里藻(Emiliania huxleyi)、大洋桥石藻(Gephyrocapsa oceanica)、纤细条结藻(Syracosphaera delicate)、亚得理亚海麦氏藻(Michaelsarsia adriaticus)、粗壮环翼球藻(Algirosphaera robusta)及四棘针刺藻(Acanthoica quattrospina)。定量研究清晰地展示了颗石藻沿黄海50m等深线的斑块分布格局,海水表层总颗石球丰度变动在(0~178.4)×10^(3)个/L,平均37.4×10^(3)个/L,50 m以深海域的平均丰度显著高于50 m以浅水域,差异达6.43倍之多。赫氏艾密里藻主要分布于外海深水海域,对总颗石球丰度的贡献在表、底层分别达到45.5%和51.7%,大洋桥石藻则主要出现在近岸浅水区域。50 m以深水域的物种丰富度和多样性分别为50 m以浅的5.03倍和3.65倍。秋季黄海颗石藻高丰度及其多样性的形成,主要与表层水体较低的氮磷比以及氮营养盐的潜在限制有关,未来应关注营养盐缺乏与限制条件下颗石藻对水体有机氮、磷营养盐的利用,以及对黄海季节性酸化的响应与适应机制。In order to clarify the autumn distribution of living coccolithophores with influencing factors in the Yellow Sea,samples of living coccolithophores were collected during a Yellow Sea cruise in autumn of 2021.The species composition,abundance,and diversity were analyzed through scanning electron microscopy,and potentially influencing factors were determined.A total of 31 species were recorded,including six morphotypes.The dominant species were as follows:Emiliania huxleyi,Gephyrocapsa oceanica,Syracosphaera delicate,Michaelsarsia adriaticus,Algirosphaera robusta,and Acanthoica quattrospina.The abundance of coccospheres and coccoliths exhibited a pattern of patchy distribution along the opposite side of the 50 m isobath.The maximum abundance was 178.4×10^(3) cells L^(-1) with a mean of 37.4×10^(3) cells L^(-1).Moreover,the abundance in deep stations was 6.43-fold higher than that of shallow stations.The contribution of E.huxleyi to the total abundance was 45.5% in the surface water,and it was 51.7% in the bottom water,with maximal occurrence in pelagic and deep stations.G.oceanica was mainly distributed in the coastal and shallow stations.The species richness and diversity in deep stations were 5.03-and 3.65-fold higher than that of the shallow stations,respectively.The rich abundance and diversity of living coccolithophores in the Yellow Sea during autumn were largely attributed to the potential limitations of dissolved nitrogen(N)and relatively low nutrients in the surface waters.Thus,future works should focus on the utilization of dissolved organic N and phosphorous under nutrient-limited conditions,as well as responses to the seasonal acidification of seawaters in the Yellow Sea and associated adaptation mechanisms.

关 键 词：浮游植物 颗石藻 营养盐 氮磷比 黄海 

分 类 号：S931[农业科学—渔业资源]