高手云集,还是一枝独秀?资质过剩感对创造力的多层影响机制研究  

Full of Masters or Outshine Others?The Multi-level Influence Mechanisms of Perceived Overqualification on Creativity

作　　者：宋锟泰 徐欣怡 杜鹏程[1] SONG Kuntai;XU Xinyi;DU Pengcheng(School of Business,Anhui University,Hefei 230601,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽大学商学院,合肥230601

出　　处：《科学学与科学技术管理》2025年第2期180-197,共18页Science of Science and Management of S.& T.

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(72102001,72272001);安徽省教育厅优秀青年教师培育项目(YQYB2024003);安徽省教育厅高校人文社科重点项目(2022AH050049);安徽省自然科学基金青年项目(2108085QG296)。

摘　　要：组织为了提升创造力,不断吸纳高资质员工从而产生了组织内的资质过剩现象,但是员工的资质过剩感与其创造力之间的关系尚无定论。存在争议的原因可能在于员工的资质过剩感存在不同层次。团队资质过剩感反映了团队成员普遍感到资质过剩,高资质的团队能够产出诸多积极结果,但能否带来创造力的提升,现有研究尚未回答;个体相对资质过剩感则反映了个体的资质过剩感高于团队其他成员,但是这种相对资质过剩感的后效尚不明晰。以不同层次跨界行为作为研究视角切入,基于相对剥夺理论和资源保存理论,探索团队和个体相对资质过剩感通过不同层次跨界行为影响创造力的多层作用路径,以及团队精熟动机氛围的调节作用。利用72个团队和327名成员的嵌套数据,借助MSEM和Monte Carlo Bootstrap验证假设,结果表明:团队资质过剩感正向影响团队创造力,领导和团队跨界行为在团队资质过剩感与团队创造力的关系间起正向中介作用,团队精熟动机氛围正向调节团队资质过剩感与领导、团队跨界行为之间的正向关系并进一步正向调节领导、团队跨界行为在团队资质过剩感与团队创造力关系间的正向中介作用;个体相对资质过剩感负向影响个体创造力,个体跨界行为在个体相对资质过剩感与个体创造力的关系间起负向中介作用,团队精熟动机氛围负向调节个体相对资质过剩感与个体跨界行为之间的负向关系并进一步负向调节个体跨界行为在个体相对资质过剩感与个体创造力关系间的负向中介作用。此外,模糊集定性分析(fsQCA)的结果再次验证上述观点。In the era of innovation driven high-quality development,motivating employees'creativity is the key to acquire sustainable success of organizations.Knowledge and skills possessed by individuals are the important component of creativity.Therefore,to enhance creativity in organizations,many organizations recruit high-qualified employees resulting in a phenomenon of overqualification within organizations.However,the relationship between employees'perceptions of overqualification and their creativity remains controversial.Recent researches pointed out that distinguishing one construct into team level and individual relative level makes contributions to clarify the existing disputes about this construct.In fact,the formation of creativity requires resources especially heterogeneous resources,and employees with high qualification have more resource.The problem is whether they are will to use the redundant resources for acquisition resources related to creativity.Boundary spanning activity helps to obtain heterogeneous resources and thus achieve resource proliferation.Besides,whether teams or individuals,the climate within team will change their perception of overqualification.Hereby,the research propose a multi-level mechanism analysis framework between overqualification and creativity from the perspective of different levels of boundary spanning behavior based on the conservation of resource theory and relative deprivation theory,and integrate team mastery motivational climate as boundary condition to examine its moderation effects.To test hypotheses,the research collected 399 valid dyad questionnaires of 72 leaders and 327 followers from 17 enterprises which engage in innovation acitivities such as R&D,design,and marketing in Anhui and Jiangsu province,and used SPSS,Mplus,R and fsQCA to analyze the data.First,the research conducted the discriminate validity test and common method variance test through a series of confirmatory factor analyses.Second,the research adopted multi-level structural equation modeling(MSEM)to

关 键 词：团队资质过剩感 个体相对资质过剩感 跨界行为 团队精熟动机氛围 创造力 

分 类 号：F272.92[经济管理—企业管理]