基于动态摩擦因数反演的直线推进电磁能装备的运动特性  

Motion Characteristics of Linear Propulsion Electromagnetic Energy Equipment Based on Dynamic Friction Coefficient Inversion

作　　者：赵文月 闫荣格[1,2] 杨庆新 王学谦 赵浩凯 Zhao Wenyue;Yan Rongge;Yang Qingxin;Wang Xueqian;Zhao Haokai(State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment Hebei University of Technology,Tianjin 300401 China;Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Field and Electrical Apparatus Reliability of Hebei Province Hebei University of Technology,Tianjin 300401 China;Tianjin Key Laboratory of New Energy Power Conversion Transmission and intelligent Control Tianjin University of Technology,Tianjin 300387 China)

机构地区：[1]省部共建电工装备可靠性与智能化国家重点实验室(河北工业大学),天津300401 [2]河北工业大学河北省电磁场与电器可靠性重点实验室,天津300401 [3]天津理工大学天津市新能源电力变换传输与智能控制重点实验室,天津300387

出　　处：《电工技术学报》2025年第6期1685-1694,共10页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大研究计划重点项目(92066206);河北省省级科技计划项目(225676163GH)资助。

摘　　要：枢轨间的动态摩擦力是影响轨道式直线推进电磁能装备运动特性的重要因素之一。但在极端电磁热力冲击工作条件下,摩擦因数的实时原位测量极具挑战,因此目前研究中枢轨间的摩擦因数大多采用定常值。为了提高数值模型的计算精度,该文提出基于动态摩擦因数反演的直线推进电磁能装备运动特性研究方法。首先,根据电磁推进实验可观测数据与电枢动力学正演模型,建立基于改进动态粒子群优化算法(DPSO)的枢轨间摩擦因数与轨道电感梯度的反演模型,得到其时空特性。然后,在此基础上建立枢轨瞬态电磁热力耦合有限元模型,分析动态摩擦因数对装备运动特性的影响。最后,通过实验验证该文考虑动态摩擦因数的方法可大大提高有限元模型的计算精度,为进一步对电磁能装备可靠性预测和结构优化设计提供理论参考,并为极端工况下材料特性实时原位测量提供新的解决思路。In the working process of linear propulsion electromagnetic energy equipment,friction between the armature and rail due to high-speed sliding is one of the important factors affecting its motion characteristics.However,realizing real-time and in-situ friction coefficient measurement is challenging under extreme electromagnetic,thermal,and mechanical shock conditions.Therefore,the friction coefficient between the armature and rails is fixed as the empirical value in the current research.The actual motion characteristics of the armature fail to be accurately captured because the potential impact of its dynamic changes on the performance of the system is ignored.This paper proposes a method based on the dynamic friction coefficient inversion of motion characteristics.Firstly,a nonlinear mapping relationship between the armature velocity with the armature-rail friction coefficient and the rail inductance gradient during the armature motion is deduced from the observable data measured by the electromagnetic propulsion experiment and the armature kinetics forward model.Then,the inversion model for the armature-rail friction coefficient and rail inductance gradient is established using the improved dynamic particle swarm optimization(DPSO).The computational velocity is corrected in real-time by the measured velocity of the armature to obtain the spatiotemporal characteristics.The friction coefficient between the armature and rails starts to decrease rapidly with increasing armature velocity,then the decreasing trend slows down and finally tends to a stable value.Then,the model for transient electromagnetic,thermal,and mechanical coupling is established.Motion characteristics of the equipment are analyzed when the friction coefficient is dynamic(DFC)and constant(FFC).Herein,the friction coefficient between the armature and rails is segmented according to velocity,and the parameters of each velocity segment are determined using the nonlinear least squares fitting method.The results show that the dynamic change of the fric

关 键 词：直线推进电磁能装备 动态摩擦因数 参数反演 动态粒子群优化算法 运动特性 

分 类 号：TM359.4[电气工程—电机]