新型复合式构型直升机气动干扰特性分析  

Aerodynamic interference characteristics of a new compound configuration helicopter

作　　者：梁家辉 张夏阳 招启军[1] LIANG Jiahui;ZHANG Xiayang;ZHAO Qijun(National Key Laboratory of Helicopter Aeromechanics,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学直升机动力学全国重点实验室,南京210016

出　　处：《北京航空航天大学学报》2025年第3期922-932,共11页Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(12032012,12102186);国家重点实验室基金(61422202201);江苏省自然科学基金(BK20200433)。

摘　　要：综合共轴双旋翼直升机高悬停效率和操纵效率的特点及双推力螺旋桨复合式直升机高速前飞性能的优势,将共轴双旋翼应用到双推力螺旋桨复合式直升机上。以X3复合式直升机为基准,将单旋翼改为共轴双旋翼。为研究共轴双旋翼对复合式直升机气动特性的影响,建立全机快速配平方法,并在此基础上针对不同构型直升机开展气动特性分析。结果表明:相较于单旋翼构型,共轴双旋翼构型直升机空气动力学特性具有良好的对称性;在保持较好的高速前飞性能的情况下,共轴双旋翼复合构型可以显著提升悬停和低速飞行性能,悬停效率提升6.8%,100 km/h前飞速度下总需用功率降低23.1%;低速状态下共轴双旋翼对螺旋桨的气动干扰程度明显低于单旋翼构型。By combining the characteristics of high hovering performance and control efficiency of coaxial-rotor helicopters and the advantage of high-speed forward flight performance of double-thrust-propeller compound configuration helicopters,the coaxial rotor was applied to the double-thrust-propeller compound configuration helicopter.The single rotor was changed to a coaxial rotor based on the configuration of the X3 compound helicopter.To study the influence of coaxial rotors on the aerodynamic characteristics of compound configuration helicopters,a fast trim method was established.On this basis,the aerodynamic characteristics of different configuration helicopters were analyzed.The results indicate that the aerodynamic characteristics of the coaxial-rotor helicopter have good symmetry compared with the single-rotor configuration.In the case of maintaining good high-speed forward flight performance,the coaxial-rotor configuration can significantly improve the hovering and low-speed flight performance.When the hovering efficiency is increased by 6.8%,and the forward flight speed is 100 km/h,the total required power is reduced by 23.1%.The aerodynamic interference of the coaxial rotor to the propeller at low speeds is greatly lower than that of the single rotor.

关 键 词：共轴双旋翼 双推力螺旋桨 复合式直升机 旋翼动量源 气动干扰 

分 类 号：V211.52[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程] TB553[理学—物理]