电子鼻分析技术在法庭科学领域的应用研究进展  

Progress in the Application of Electronic Nose Analysis Technology in Forensic Science

作　　者：江嘉思 张文骥 Jiang Jiasi;Zhang Wenji(College of Criminal Science and Technology,Criminal Investigation Police University of China,Shenyang,110854)

机构地区：[1]中国刑事警察学院刑事科学技术学院,沈阳110854

出　　处：《化学通报(中英文)》2025年第3期310-317,共8页Chemistry

基　　金：辽宁省自然科学基金项目(2024-MS-208);辽宁省教育厅基本科研项目(JYTZD2023147);辽宁省科技厅重点研发项目(2024JHZ/102500079);中国刑事警察学院研究生创新能力提升项目(2024YCYB47)资助。

摘　　要：气味识别在法庭科学中起到至关重要的作用,经典的实验室仪器分析方法如气质联用技术、液质联用技术等成本昂贵、步骤繁琐、实验环境要求高。电子鼻作为一种成本低廉、操作简单、携带方便的气味指纹图谱技术,由气敏传感器、信号采集与特征提取、模式识别算法三部分组成。它通过气敏传感器识别气味信号后提取信号特征,最后利用模式识别算法对气味进行定性定量分析,适用于现场气味的快速分析。本文介绍了电子鼻的组成,并从毒品检验、爆炸与纵火物检验、环食药安全检验等方面综述了电子鼻技术在法庭科学领域中的最新研究进展。Odor identification plays a crucial role in forensic science.Classical laboratory instrument analysis methods,such as GC-MS technology and LC-MS technology,are expensive,cumbersome and require high experimental environment.Electronic nose is a low-cost,easy to operate and convenient to carry odor fingerprint technology.It is composed of three parts:gas sensor,signal acquisition and feature extraction,and pattern recognition algorithm.After recognizing odor signals through gas sensor,signal features are extracted.Finally,pattern recognition algorithm is used for qualitative and quantitative analysis of odor,which is suitable for rapid analysis of on-site odor.In this paper,the composition of electronic nose is introduced,and the latest research progress of electronic nose technology in the field of forensic science is reviewed from the aspects of drug detection,explosive and incendiary detection,and safety inspection of cyclic food and drugs.

关 键 词：气味识别 电子鼻 气味指纹图谱技术 快速分析 法庭科学 

分 类 号：TP3[自动化与计算机技术—计算机科学与技术]