自然资源生态补偿正义公平维度之理论辩解与实践创新——以水权交接生态补偿为例  

Theoretical Justification and Practical Innovation in the Dimension of Justice and Fairness of Natural Resource Ecological Compensation:Taking Ecological Compensation for Water Rights Transfer as an Example

作　　者：傅晓华[1,2] 赵旭虹 陈永华[2] FU Xiaohua;ZHAO Xuhong;CHEN Yonghua(Center for Ecological Environment Management and Assessment,Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Changsha 410004,Hunan,China;College of Life and Environmental Sciences,Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Changsha 410004,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学生态环境管理与评估中心,湖南长沙410004 [2]中南林业科技大学生命与环境科学学院,湖南长沙410004

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第1期34-47,共14页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology(Social Sciences)

基　　金：湖南省哲学社会科学规划基金(22YBA120);湖南省重点实验室开放基金(KDKJ2023KFJJA03);湖南省专家工作站重点委托项目(KDKJ2024WTKF01)。

摘　　要：自然资源生态补偿在正义公平维度上遵循深厚的理论根基与价值取向。中国生态补偿内涵与国外生态资源使用付费机制(EPS)有着制度理论的本质区别。中国社会主义制度下自然资源生态补偿机制在正义公平维度上超越纯市场化资源经济补偿模式,融合人类社会发展的生态正义与社会公平价值体系。通过梳理古罗马帝国自然资源权利观、环境哲学演进历程以及马克思主义正义公平理论,论证资源环境代内、代际正义公平原则,以厘清现代化社会结构变迁和自然观异化加剧代际剥削问题及其最优解并以典型自然资源水资源为论证因子,以水权交接生态补偿正义公平维度辨明自然资源正义公平维度的理论视野与实践走向。流域水权交接生态补偿还原水资源与水环境的公共产品属性,通过政策干预优化资源的合理配置以保障代际公平,促进人与自然的和谐共生,推进以正义公平为核心的生态补偿模式是人类命运共同体与可持续发展的根本路径。Natural resource ecological compensation follows a profound theoretical foundation and value orientation in the dimension of justice and fairness.There is an essential difference in institutional theory between the connotation of ecological compensation in China and the foreign ecological resource use payment mechanism(EPS).Under the socialist system in China,the natural resource ecological compensation mechanism transcends the pure market-based resource economic compensation model in the dimension of justice and fairness,integrating the ecological justice and social fairness value systems of human social development.This paper combs through the view of natural resource rights in the Roman Empire,the evolution of environmental philosophy,and the Marxist theory of justice and fairness,demonstrating the principles of intra-generational and inter-generational justice and fairness in resource and environment,in order to clarify the problem of inter-generational exploitation aggravated by the changes in modern social structure and the alienation of the concept of nature and its optimal solution.Natural resources encompass a broad category of“gold,wood,water,fire,and earth”.This study takes water resources,a typical natural resource,as an argument factor,and clarifies the theoretical vision and practical trend of the justice and fairness dimension of natural resources from the dimension of justice and fairness of ecological compensation for water rights transfer.The ecological compensation for river basin water rights transfer restores the public good attributes of water resources and the water environment.Through policy intervention,it optimizes the rational allocation of resources to ensure inter-generational fairness,promotes the harmonious co-existence of man and nature,and promoting an ecological compensation model with justice and fairness as the core is the fundamental path for the community with a shared future for mankind and sustainable development.

关 键 词：自然资源 水资源 水权交接 生态补偿 正义公平 

分 类 号：X321[环境科学与工程—环境工程] B82-058[哲学宗教—伦理学]