农村集体经济组织成员的撤销权  

The Right of Revocation for Members of Rural Collective Economic Organizations

作　　者：张洪波 Zhang Hongbo

机构地区：[1]南开大学法学院,天津300350

出　　处：《法学杂志》2025年第2期81-94,共14页Law Science Magazine

基　　金：天津市哲学社会科学规划项目“民法典给付型财产返还规则的内容与体系研究”(项目编号:TJFX22-004)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：《农村集体经济组织法》赋予集体成员对农村集体经济组织侵害其合法权益的“决定”享有撤销权,这一规定对保护集体成员合法权益具有重要意义。然而,该规定较为概括,部分细节亟待完善。“决定”可由成员会议或成员代表大会作出,“决议”作为“决定”的子类型亦在撤销范围内。可撤销“决定”的范围包括涉及成员资格、利益分配及与第三方合同等与集体成员利益密切相关的一切“决定”。对合法权益造成轻微损害的“决定”,集体成员应当承担容忍义务;对于因正常商业风险而致损害的“决定”,则不可撤销。行使撤销权的一般法律后果包括:法院可要求农村集体经济组织重新作出“决定”;在不损害自治权的前提下也可作出直接给付判决;若不需要整体撤销,应当撤销部分“决定”。集体成员的撤销权不得对抗与集体经济组织进行交易的支付合理对价的善意第三人。The Law on Rural Collective Economic Organizations grants collective members the right to revoke“decisions”of rural collective economic organizations that infringe on their legitimate rights and interests.This provision plays a significant role in safeguarding the legitimate rights of collective members.However,the provision is relatively general and certain details urgently need to be improved.A“decision”can be made through members'meetings or representatives'assemblies and“resolutions”as a subtype of“decisions”also fall within the scope of revocation.Revocable“decisions”include those closely related to collective members'interests,such as those involving membership qualifications,profit distribution and contracts with third parties.Collective members are obligated to tolerate“decisions”that cause minor infringements of legitimate rights and interests.“Decisions”that result in damages due to normal business risks cannot be revoked.The legal consequences of exercising the right of revocation generally include:the court may require the rural collective economic organization to remake the“decision”;it may also issue a direct payment judgement without undermining the autonomy of the organizations.If revocation of the entirety of the“decision”is not required,part of the“decision”should be revoked.The right of revocation exercised by collective members cannot override the rights of bona fide third parties who have paid reasonable consideration in transactions with the collective economic organization.

关 键 词：农村集体经济组织 集体成员 撤销权 决定 决议 善意第三人 

分 类 号：D922.4[政治法律—法学]