政府购买服务的项目制运作风险:要素辨识、生成逻辑与化解之道  

The Operation Risks of Project System of Government Purchasing Services:Element Identification,Generation Logic and Circumvention Ways

作　　者：毛明明[1] Mao Mingming(School of History and Political Science,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学历史与政治学院,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《湖北行政学院学报》2025年第1期57-65,共9页Journal of Hubei Administration Institute

基　　金：2021年度国家社会科学基金青年项目“政府购买社区服务的项目制运作风险及其防控研究”(项目编号:21CSH018)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：以项目制的方式向社会组织购买服务正成为政府公共治理的主要逻辑,然而其有效性却遭遇了多重风险的制约。基于“过程—主体”风险分析框架研究发现,由于项目制内在属性对购买服务准则的疏离、科层制对项目制治理的牵制、事本主义对购买活动公共理性的弱化以及主体利益诉求偏差对主体行动秩序的干扰,政府购买服务项目制在运作过程中面临着项目目标的价值性迷失与项目内容的公共性偏离、项目参与动机的功利取向与项目参与规则的失效、不完全合约下的机会主义与合约缔结的单边行动、“三元主体”间的权责利异化与项目任务的非规范运行、评估旨趣的唯结果化与验收过程的工具导向等风险。为进一步完善项目制,推进政府购买服务工作,需要从关注公共服务需求,增强服务项目回应性;健全项目管理制度,构建项目制整体治理框架;调适政社间利益矛盾,厘清多元主体权责边界;匡正技术理性和行政理性偏差,助推项目制回归公共理性等四个方面寻找风险化解之道。To purchase social organization's services in the way of project system is becoming a major public governance logic of government.However,the effectiveness of project system has encountered deconstruction by multiple risks.Based on the"process-subject"risk analysis framework,the research finds that due to the coercing of endogenous value of project system on purchasing services'criteria,the excessive infiltration of bureaucracy governance in project system,the erosion of the public rationality of purchasing activity by subjectivism,and the collapse of subject's action order caused by the deviation of subject's interest demands,In the process of operation,the project system of government purchasing services are facing with many risks which are the loss of the value of the project goal and the deviation of the publicity of the project content,the utilitarian orientation of the project participation motivation and the disorder of the project participation rules,the opportunism under incomplete contracts and the unilateral action of contract establishing,the alienation of rights,responsibilities and interests among the"tripartite entities"and the non-standard transformation of the project tasks,the result-oriented evaluation purview and the tool-oriented acceptance process.In order to further improve institutional system,and promote the work of government purchasing services,it is necessary to find four ways to avoid risks which are to pay attention to public service demand,and enhance the responsiveness of service projects;to improve management system of project,and build the overall governance framework of the project system;to harmonize conflicts of interests between government and social organization,and divide the boundary of powers and responsibilities of multiple entities;to correct the deviation of technical rationality and administrative rationality,and promote the project system to return to public rationality.

关 键 词：政府购买服务 项目制 风险辨识 风险生成 风险化解 

分 类 号：D630[政治法律—政治学]