如何为“全球”构建秩序——欧洲近代思想家们的思考  

How to Construct Order for the“Global”:Reflections of Modern European Thinkers

作　　者：李宏图[1] Li Hongtu

机构地区：[1]复旦大学历史系暨全球史研究院,上海200433

出　　处：《华东师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2025年第2期22-30,178,179,共11页Journal of East China Normal University(Humanities and Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“欧洲近代社会主义思想史研究”(项目编号:21&ZD247)。

摘　　要：欧洲自“地理大发现”后,为处理与异邦关系、建立新规范和全球秩序,涌现出多样理论学说,推动了以欧洲中心主义为主导的全球秩序及思想价值体系的形成。从佩里·安德森所提出的“文明等级论”出发来展开讨论,可以考察欧洲近代思想家们对构建全球秩序的思考。我们看到,国际法原则、文明等级论和自由市场经济体制这三大原则成为近代以来西方为主导的全球性价值体系的核心内容,也是构建全球秩序的思想基础。今天,学界需要对此进行细致深入的反思,在批评文明等级论的同时,不可忘记文明的标准;同样,在看到自由贸易在全球扩展的同时,需要厘清建基于国家利益之上的“贸易的猜忌”。在当下全球大变局的时刻,如何汲取这些思想资源,扩展视野,从而重建全球秩序,当是一项急迫的重任。In the wake of the“great geographical discovery”,various theories emerged in Europe to address relationships with foreign countries,establish new norms,and create a new global order.These theories promoted the formation of a global order and an ideological value system dominated by Eurocentrism.Starting with Perry Anderson’s“civilization hierarchy theory”,we can examine the thinking of modern European thinkers on the construction of global order.We can observe that the principles of international law,the theory of civilization hierarchy,and the free-market economic system have not only constituted the core content of the global value system dominated by the West since modern times but have also served as the ideological foundation for constructing global order.Today,the academic community must engage in careful and deep reflection on this matter.While critiquing the theory of civilization hierarchy,we should not lose sight of the standard of civilization.Similarly,while recognizing the global expansion of free trade,it is essential to confront“trade suspicions”based on national interests.Amidst significant global changes,an urgent task is to assimilate these intellectual resources,broaden our horizons,and rebuild the global order.

关 键 词：佩里·安德森 文明等级论 全球秩序 欧洲 近代 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]