春秋列国涖盟制度研探——兼释“须句■丘立盟㫃”古玺印  

A Study on Limeng in the Spring and Autumn Period

作　　者：吴柱 Wu Zhu

机构地区：[1]山东大学文学院 [2]中国经学研究中心,济南250100

出　　处：《中山大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第2期81-91,共11页Journal of Sun Yat-sen University(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“古文献所见周王朝会盟礼制研究”(22BZW052)。

摘　　要：春秋时期,当对立的两国开启和谈,或疏离的友邦重温旧谊,往往会互相遣使定盟。在此背景下,一国卿大夫代表其国家和君主赴另一国处理会盟事务,谓之“涖盟”。涖盟是两国通好的手段,也是两国正式结好的标志。同时,涖盟活动仅限于两国之间,必经两国事先商定,而且多数情况下是双方互动的行为。双方国君一般会亲自与前来涖盟的使者盟会享宴,以示对使者的尊重和对发展两国关系的重视。“涖”应当理解为面临、面对,引申为执掌、处理之义,“涖盟”就是处理结盟事宜。学术史上的种种解说皆与事实不合。古玺印“须句■丘立盟㫃”应该是印在诸侯专属的交龙旂上,该旂当是须句国君在■丘盟誓现场用来标记身份和站位的专用旗帜。以往学者将玺文“立盟”读作“涖盟”恐不可信。During the Spring and Autumn period,when opposing countries began peace talks or estranged friends renewed their friendship,they often sent envoys to each other to establish alliances.In this context,the ministers of one country represent their country and monarch to handle alliance affairs in another country,which is called Limeng涖盟.As a means and procedure for the two countries to communicate,it marks the official rapprochement of the two countries,which is the most important social function and symbolic feature of Limeng.Limeng is a diplomatic activity limited to two countries,which is the result of a prior agreement.In most cases,this is an interactive behavior between both parties,and the monarch of the other country usually personally enjoys a banquet to show respect for the envoys and value the development of bilateral relations.The word Li涖should be understood as taking control and handling,and Limeng refers to handling alliance matters.The ancient seal Xugou Zaiqiu Limeng Yan须句丘立盟㫃should be printed on the exclusive flag of the feudal lords,which is a special flag used by the ruler of the Xugou Kingdom to mark his identity and position at the meeting site.However,previous scholars’interpretation of the seal inscription立盟as涖盟is likely unconvincing.

关 键 词：春秋 诸侯 涖盟 古玺 

分 类 号：K22[历史地理—历史学]