一人与天下:晁错之死的政治哲学解读  

One Person and the Tianxia:A Political Philosophical Interpretation of Chao Cuo’s Death

作　　者：曾海军[1] Zeng Haijun

机构地区：[1]四川大学哲学系,成都610064

出　　处：《中山大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第2期128-137,共10页Journal of Sun Yat-sen University(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“儒家教化思想史编纂与研究”(24&ZD224)。

摘　　要：不同于商鞅作法自毙,对自己的死感到意外和委屈,晁错早就预料到这种不幸的结局,并准备为自己追求的秩序而死。晁错寄希望于汉景帝以“一人”的气概承担天下一统的大业,景帝却十分吊诡地以“天下”为由,把他当成“一人”而杀害。景帝与晁错既然站在同一个阵营实施削藩,君臣之间就必须共进退,而绝无中途背叛之理,其杀晁错就是现实版的“杀一不辜而得天下”。在所有结果都难以预料的情况下,无论情势如何迫切,杀不杀晁错既是景帝做得到,也是眼前唯一可以确定的事情。正因为这种政治经验中的结果始终难以确定,道德才有了确定的空间。景帝坚决不杀晁错,无论在何种政治情境中,这种道德上的抉择都不意味着必然导致刘汉王朝的倾覆。Different from Shang Yang商鞅,who died by himself and felt surprised and wronged by his own death,Chao Cuo晁错had long anticipated this unfortunate outcome and planned to die for the order he pursued.Chao Cuo hoped that Emperor Jing汉景帝would bear the great cause of world unification with the spirit of“One Person”,but Emperor Jing paradoxically had him killed as“One Person”on the grounds of the“Tianxia”天下.Since Emperor Jing and Chao Cuo stood in the same camp to reduce the power of the vassal states,they were supposed to advance and retreat together,with no room for betrayal in between..The killing of Chao Cuo was the real version of“kill an innocent person and get the Tianxia”杀一不辜而得天下.In a situation where all outcomes were unpredictable,no matter how urgent the situation is,whether or not to kill Chao Cuo was the one thing Emperor Jing could decide,and the only certainty.It is because the results of this political experience are always uncertain that morality has room for certainty.Emperor Jing’s decision not to kill Chao Cuo,no matter what the political situation was,did not necessarily mean the overthrow of the Liu Han刘汉Dynasty.

关 键 词：一人 天下 政治 晁错 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]