河套爬山调“狗撕烂羊皮”的即兴作乐模式  

The Improvisational Entertainment Pattern of the"Gou Si Lan Yang Pi"in the Hetao Mountain-climbing Tune

作　　者：王祯嵘 侯燕 WANG Zhenrong;HOU Yan(College of Music,Inner Mongolia Arts University,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010010)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古艺术学院音乐学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010010

出　　处：《内蒙古艺术学院学报》2024年第4期71-82,共12页Journal of Inner Mongolia Arts University

基　　金：一流学科科研专项项目(一般)“非遗理论建构视域下音乐美学的跨学科研究”(项目编号:YLXKZXNY-007)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：河套爬山调是流行于内蒙古西部地区的一种具有代表性的民歌,由于其地理位置的独特性,形成了别具一格的艺术形式。本文运用田野调查法、文化本位模式分析法和语言音乐学等研究方法,对河套爬山调的即兴作乐模式进行调查研究,以乌拉特前旗传习所为研究个案,主要针对河套爬山调“狗撕烂羊皮”的即兴作乐模式进行分析,并探讨“狗撕烂羊皮”这句乐语所反映的“局内观”。通过对民间知识的解读,去审视那些“局内人”习以为常的音乐言说,并透过这些乐语和术语的表达,探寻其背后的文化意义。将文化持有者的作乐行为,放置到文化语境中去进行观察与讨论,解读其即兴作乐的观念与即兴作乐的模式,并以“局内人”的口述访谈及演唱文本为依据进行分析与阐释。河套爬山调艺术魅力的核心主要凝聚于“活”这一特性之上,这种“活”的魅力主要体现在民间艺人作乐的“即兴性”中。作乐方式是根据即时、即地、即景的情况,进行自由编创和演唱的。河套爬山调即兴创作的自由即兴也赋予了每位民间歌手在编唱时鲜活的创造力。Hetao Climbing Mountain Tune is a representative folk song popular in the western region of Inner Mongolia.Due to its unique geographical location,it has formed a distinctive art form.This paper applies research methods such as field investigation,cultural emic model analysis,and linguistic musicology to conduct an investigation and study on the improvisational performance mode of Hetao Climbing Mountain Tune.Taking the Heritage Institute of Urad Front Banner as a research case,it mainly analyzes the"Gou Si Lan Yang Pi"(literally"a dog tearing a sheepskin to pieces)improvisational performance mode of Hetao Climbing Mountain Tune,and explores the"internal perspective"reflected by this musical expression.By interpreting folk knowledge,this paper examines the musical expressions that are taken for granted by the"insiders",and through these musical terms and expressions,explores the cultural significance behind them.The performance behaviors of cultural holders are observed and discussed within the cultural context,aiming to interpret their concepts and modes of improvisational performance.The analysis and interpretation are based on the oral interviews and singing texts of the"insiders".The core of the artistic charm of Hetao Climbing Mountain Tune lies in the characteristic of"vividness",which is mainly reflected in the"improvisation"of folk artists'performances.The performance method involves free composition and singing according to the immediate time,place,and scene.The free improvisation in the improvisational creation of Hetao Climbing Mountain Tune also endows each folk singer with vivid creativity during composition and singing.

关 键 词：河套爬山调 作乐模式 “狗撕烂羊皮” 

分 类 号：J0[艺术—艺术理论] J6