1990—2021年中国结直肠癌疾病负担和危险因素分析  

Analysis of Disease Burden and Risk Factors for Colorectal Cancer in China from 1990 to 2021

作　　者：李子锋 常彩云[1] 席祖洋[2] 易文[1] 曾晓倩 Li Zifeng;Chang Caiyun;Xi Zuyang;Yi Wen;Zeng Xiaoqian(Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Yichang Central People's Hospital,The First College of Clinical Medical Science,China Three Gorges University,Yichang 443003,China;Department of Nursing,Yichang Central People's Hospital,The First College of Clinical Medical Science,China Three Gorges University,Yichang 443003,China)

机构地区：[1]三峡大学第一临床医学院[宜昌市中心人民医院]中医科,湖北宜昌443003 [2]三峡大学第一临床医学院[宜昌市中心人民医院]护理部,湖北宜昌443003

出　　处：《巴楚医学》2025年第1期82-89,共8页Bachu Medical Journal

基　　金：湖北省中医药科研基金项目(ZY2021M011)。

摘　　要：目的:探究中国结直肠癌(CRC)的疾病负担现状和危险因素分析。方法:从全球疾病负担数据库(2021)中下载我国CRC的相关数据,分析CRC发病率、患病率、死亡率、伤残调整寿命年(DALYs)、过早死亡损失寿命年(YLLs)、伤残损失寿命年(YLDs)及CRC相关危险因素。结果:2021年中国CRC的发病、患病、死亡人数分别为65.83万例、360.57万例、27.51万例;标准化发病率、标准化患病率、标准化死亡率分别为31.44/10万、168.62/10万、13.64/10万。与1990年相比,标准化发病率和患病率均显著上升(均P<0.05),而标准化死亡率则明显下降(P<0.05)。此外,DALYs、YLLs、YLDs在1990—2021年间也呈现上升趋势(均P<0.05),分别增加了92.09%、86.45%、381.23%。值得注意的是,65~69岁和70~74岁是CRC高发的年龄段,65~69岁CRC患者的疾病负担最重(DALYs、YLLs及YLDs最高)。2021年,中国CRC的前十位危险因素依次为奶摄入不足、全谷物摄入不足、红肉摄入过多、高身体质量指数、钙摄入不足、吸烟、酒精摄入过多、高空腹血糖、低体力活动、加工肉类摄入过多。结论:1990—2021年间,中国CRC的发病率和患病率显著上升,而死亡率明显下降,65~69岁患者疾病负担最为沉重。因此,我们应将此年龄段作为CRC的重点筛查及防治人群。Objective:To investigate the disease burden of colorectal cancer(CRC)in China.Methods:The China CRC data from the Global Burden of Disease database(2021)was downloaded.We analyzed the incidence,prevalence,mortality,disability-adjusted life years(DALYs),years of life lost due to premature mortality(YLLs),years lived with disability(YLDs),and risk factors associated with CRC.Results:In 2021,the number of CRC cases,prevalence,and deaths in China were 658300,3605700,and 275100,respectively;the age-standardized incidence rate,prevalence rate,and mortality rate were 31.44/100000,168.62/100000,and 13.64/100000.Compared with 1990,there was a significant increase in the agestandardized incidence and prevalence rates(both P<0.05),while the age-standardized mortality rate decreased significantly(P<0.05).Additionally,DALYs,YLLs,and YLDs showed an increasing trend from 1990 to 2021(all P<0.05),increasing by 92.09%,86.45%,and 381.23%,respectively.Notably,the age groups 65~69 and 70~74 had the highest incidence of CRC,with the highest disease burden in the 65~69 age group(DALYs,YLLs,and YLDs).In 2021,the top ten risk factors for CRC in China were insufficient dairy intake,insufficient whole grain intake,excessive red meat consumption,high body mass index,insufficient calcium intake,smoking,excessive alcohol consumption,high fasting plasma glucose,low physical activity,and excessive processed meat intake.Conclusion:From 1990 to 2021,the incidence and prevalence of CRC in China significantly increased,while the mortality rate decreased,with the highest disease burden in the 65~69 age group.Therefore,this age group should be the focus of CRC screening and prevention.

关 键 词：结直肠癌 疾病负担 危险因素 

分 类 号：R735[医药卫生—肿瘤]