父亲婚姻满意度对3~6岁幼儿社会适应的影响研究:父亲参与教养的中介作用  

A Study on the Impact of Fathers'Marital Satisfaction on the Social Adaptation of Young Children Aged 3 to 6:The Mediating Role of Fathers'Involvement in Parenting

作　　者：张一帆 岳亚平[2] 袁昊杰 ZHANG Yifan;YUE Yaping;YUAN Haojie(Ningbo Open University,Ningbo315016;Faculty of Education,Henan University,Henan Preschool Education Research Center,Kaifeng475004;Faculty of Education,Northeast Normal University,Changchun130024)

机构地区：[1]宁波开放大学,宁波315016 [2]河南大学教育学部,河南省学前教育研究中心,开封475004 [3]东北师范大学教育学部,长春130024

出　　处：《早期儿童发展》2025年第1期9-22,共14页Early Childhood Development

基　　金：河南省教育科学规划2025年度重大课题“人口变化形势下河南省学前教育资源优化调整研究”(2025JKZB04)阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：婚姻满意度不仅影响着父亲参与教养的态度和行为,也深刻影响着幼儿社会适应的发展。为探讨婚姻满意度对3~6岁幼儿社会适应的影响机制,本研究通过分层抽样,从H省3个地区抽取12所幼儿园,以635名幼儿父亲为研究对象,对婚姻满意度、父亲参与教养和幼儿社会适应情况进行问卷调查与统计分析,采用结构方程模型探讨三者之间的关系。结果显示:(1)父亲婚姻满意度、参与教养和幼儿社会适应情况处于中等偏上水平,且三者之间存在显著相关;(2)父亲婚姻满意度能显著正向预测幼儿社会适应积极特征(敏感合作),负向预测幼儿社会适应消极特征(愤怒攻击和焦虑退缩);(3)父亲参与教养在婚姻满意度和幼儿社会适应中起到部分中介作用。为此,本文从父母、教师和社区等方面提出建议,以提升父亲教养行为,促进幼儿社会适应。Marital satisfaction not only influences fathers'attitudes and behaviors in parenting but also significantly impacts children's social adaptation and development.To investigate the mechanism through which marital satisfaction affects the social adaptation of children aged 3 to 6,this study conducted a questionnaire survey and statistical analysis involving 635 fathers from 12 kindergartens selected through stratified sampling across three regions in H Province.The study examined the relationships among marital satisfaction,father involvement in parenting,and children's social adaptation with structural equation modeling.The results indicated that:(1)Fathers'marital satisfaction,involvement in parenting,and children's social adaptation were all at moderately high levels,with significant correlations among the three;(2)Fathers'marital satisfaction significantly positively predicted sensitive cooperation,while negatively predicting angry aggression and anxious withdrawal;(3)Father involvement in parenting served as a partial mediator between marital satisfaction and children's social adaptation.Therefore,recommendations are provided in this article from the perspectives of parents,teachers,and communities to enhance fathers'parenting behaviors and promote children's social adaptation.

关 键 词：婚姻满意度 父亲参与教养 幼儿社会适应 

分 类 号：G610[文化科学—学前教育学]