0~3岁城市婴幼儿家庭照护特征、送托需求与普惠托育服务发展研究——以合肥市为例  

Research on the Characteristics of Family Care,Childcare Needs,and Development of Generally Beneficial Childcare Service for Urban Infants and Young Children Aged 0-3:A Case Study of Hefei City

作　　者：郭明雯 蔡弘 丁仁船 GUO Mingwen;CAI Hong;DING Renchuan(Party School of Chongqing Committee of C.P.C(Chongqing Academy of Governance),Chongqing China400041;School of Public Policy&Management,Anhui Jianzhu University,Hefei,Anhui230022;Huishang Vocational College,Hefei,Anhui230022)

机构地区：[1]中共重庆市委党校(重庆行政学院),重庆400041 [2]安徽建筑大学公共管理学院,合肥230022 [3]徽商职业学院,合肥230022

出　　处：《早期儿童发展》2025年第1期72-85,共14页Early Childhood Development

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“基于生命周期的夫妻生育意愿差异及其生育决策研究”(21BRK044),的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：“幼有所育”已成为一项关系我国人口长期均衡发展的重大民生议题。高质量的托育服务是完善生育配套支持、促进儿童全面发展的重要举措。婴幼儿家庭照护特征和送托期待是新时代托育事业高质量发展必须直面的问题。通过对合肥市1501个城市婴幼儿家庭的调查分析发现,现阶段隔代照顾已不足以应对精细化育儿的挑战,现代育儿理念的建立使婴幼儿多重维度健康引起家长关注,家庭从“重托”到“重育”的理性需求和育儿焦虑呼唤兼具公办低价、便捷灵活、保教融合、品质保障的婴幼儿照护服务。新时代托育服务是一个价值诉求复合型行业,不仅关乎千家万户福祉和婴幼儿健康成长,更关乎国家未来和民族的永续发展。未来,应当秉持家庭发展、生育服务和儿童成长的整体视野,发展将婴幼儿置于服务核心的普惠托育服务体系:一是强化顶层设计,重视婴幼儿早期发展;二是丰富办托方式,增强普惠托育可及性;三是优化服务内容,促进托育供给精准化;四是提升保育品质,发展普惠托育新模式。“Early childhood education and care”has emerged as a significant livelihood issue pertaining to the long-term balanced development of our nation's population.High-quality childcare services represent a crucial measure for enhancing reproductive support and fostering the comprehensive development of children.The characteristics of family care for infants and young children,along with the expectations for childcare,are pressing matters that must be addressed to ensure the high-quality advancement of childcare services in the contemporary era.A survey assessing 1,501 urban families with infants and young children in Hefei revealed that,at this stage,intergenerational care is no longer sufficient to meet the intricate challenges of child-rearing.The establishment of modern parenting concepts has prompted parents to focus on the multifaceted health of infants and young children,shifting the rational demand for family care from“entrusting care”to“valuing education.”This shift calls for childcare services that are affordable,convenient,and flexible,integrating care and education while ensuring quality.Childcare services in the modern era constitute a composite industry driven by value demands,which not only impact the well-being of countless families and the healthy growth of infants and young children but also relate to the sustainable development of the nation's future and its populace.Looking ahead,we should adopt a holistic perspective on family development,reproductive services,and children's growth,thereby developing an inclusive childcare service system that places infants and young children at its core:first,by strengthening top-level design to emphasize early development for infants and young children;second,by enriching childcare methods to enhance accessibility;third,by optimizing service content to promote precise childcare supply;and fourth,by improving care quality to cultivate new models of generally beneficial childcare.

关 键 词：普惠托育 照护特征 代际育儿 送托决策 

分 类 号：G610[文化科学—学前教育学]