突发公共卫生事件之政府信息公开中的问题及相关制度优化研究  

Research on Problems and Improvement of Related Regulations of Government Information Disclosure in Sudden Public Health Emergencies

作　　者：崔冬[1] CUI Dong(Northeast Forestry University,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150040,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学,黑龙江哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《医学与法学》2025年第2期47-55,共9页Medicine and Jurisprudence

基　　金：四川医事卫生法治研究中心-中国卫生法学会2021年度联合项目“风险规制视域下我国传染病预警制度研究”(项目编号:YE21-Y01);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目“公共卫生领域行政应急制度研究”(项目编号:2572022DE11)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：政府信息公开是确保公众知情权、稳定社会的需要,也是调动社会力量协作应对突发公共卫生事件的需要;突发公共卫生事件的政府信息公开,具有主体特定性、内容广泛性、时效性、紧迫性、主动性、不确定性和非对称性等特征,而法律对之的规定却存在冲突、公开的标准也不具体,且其公开相对迟滞、对信息公开与个人信息的保护不协调,对之的履职问责不科学,这些问题导致突发公共卫生事件之政府信息公开不能适应现实所需;为逐步提升政府信息公开的质效,应针对性地完善立法、整合相关法律规范,推行突发公共卫生事件政府信息公开分级管理、统一公开标准,建立快速反应机制、调动官民多元参与,拓宽公开的载体,重视政府信息公开的队伍专业化建设,保障信息安全,寻求政府信息公开与个人信息保护的最佳契合点,引入容错机制科学问责。Government information disclosure is the need to ensure the public's right to know,stabilize the society,and mobilize social forces to cooperate in responding to public health emergencies.The disclosure of government information on public health emergencies has the characteristics of subject specificity,extensive content,timeliness,urgency,initiative,uncertainty and asymmetry.However,there are conflicts in the provisions of the law,the standards of disclosure are not specific,the disclosure is relatively slow,the disclosure of information is not coordinated with the protection of personal information,and the accountability for the performance of duties is not scientific.And these problems lead to the government information disclosure of public health emergencies can not meet the needs of reality.In order to gradually improve the quality and efficiency of government information disclosure,it is necessary to improve legislation,integrate relevant laws and norms,promote hierarchical management of government information disclosure in public health emergencies,unify disclosure standards,establish a rapid response mechanism,mobilize diverse participation of officials and citizens,broaden the carrier of disclosure,attach importance to the professional construction of government information disclosure teams,ensure information security,seek the best meeting point between government information disclosure and personal information protection,and introduce a fault-tolerant mechanism for scientific accountability.

关 键 词：突发公共卫生事件 政府信息公开 政府信息分级 容错机制 

分 类 号：R-05[医药卫生] D922.1[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]