高速铁路接触网融冰机理及关键技术:系统性综述  

Ice Melting Mechanism and Key Technologies for High-speed Railway Contact Networks:a Systematic Review

作　　者：吴广宁[1] 王敏[1] 郭裕钧 肖嵩 张血琴 WU Guangning;WANG Min;GUO Yujun;XIAO Song;ZHANG Xueqin(School of Electrical Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 611756,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学电气工程学院,四川成都611756

出　　处：《铁道学报》2025年第3期40-53,共14页Journal of the China Railway Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52277165)。

摘　　要：随着高速铁路快速发展,一些新的线路将延伸至线路易覆冰区。电气化铁路接触网覆冰会引发绝缘子冰闪、导线舞动、受电弓取流异常、弓网电弧等安全问题,甚至导致断线、倒杆倒塔等重大事故,造成经济损失。接触网频繁发生的覆冰事故严重影响高速铁路运行速度与安全,解决接触网覆冰问题愈发迫切,接触网防冰、除冰问题将成为铁路安全稳定运营的关键技术之一。目前,热力融冰技术以其方便快捷、融冰效率高、可大规模除冰等优点在解决接触网覆冰问题中获得越来越广泛的应用。简述接触网结构与覆冰特点,说明接触网与输电线路覆冰的不同之处。调研目前接触网交直流融冰技术及其应用情况,阐明接触网热力融冰过程中电-热传播机理,为今后提出更具实用性的高速铁路除冰技术奠定基础。With the rapid development of high-speed railways,some new lines will be extended to line ice-prone areas.The icing of the contact network of electrified railways will lead to insulator ice flash,wire galloping,abnormal current collection by pantographs,and pantograph-catenary arcs and even lead to wire breakage,fallen poles and towers and other major accidents that result in economic losses.The frequent occurrence of icing accidents on the contact network seriously affects the speed and safety of high-speed railway operation,making it increasingly urgent to address the issue of contact network icing.The prevention and removal of ice on the contact network will become one of the key technologies for safe and stable railway operation.At present,thermal ice melting technology with its advantages of convenience,high efficiency and mass de-icing has been increasingly widely used in solving the contact network ice problem.This paper firstly briefly described the structure and icing characteristics of the contact network and illustrated the differences between contact network and transmission line icing.The current contact network AC/DC ice melting technology and its application were investigated,and the mechanism of electric-thermal propagation in the contact network thermal ice melting process was clarified,laying the foundation for proposing more practical de-icing technology for high-speed railways in the future.

关 键 词：接触网 除冰技术 热力融冰 电-热传播机理 

分 类 号：U226.8[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]