残余脱碳层对轴承钢滚动接触疲劳失效机制的影响  

Effect of Residual Decarburized Layer on Failure Mechanism of Rolling Contact Fatigue of Bearing Steel

作　　者：夏卓凡 吴迪 张晓晨[1,2] 王俭秋 韩恩厚[1,4] 侯东岑 XIA Zhuofan;WU Di;ZHANG Xiaochen;WANG Jianqiu;HAN Enhou;HOU Dongcen(Key Laboratory of Nuclear Materials and Safety Assessment,Institute of Metal Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenyang 110016,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,University of Science and Technology of China,Shenyang 110016,China;Shi-changxu Innovation Center for Advanced Materials,Institute of Metal Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenyang 110016,China;Institute of Corrosion Science and Technology,Guangzhou 510530,China;Analysis&Test Center,Institute of Metal Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenyang 110016,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院金属研究所核材料与安全评价重点实验室,沈阳110016 [2]中国科学技术大学材料科学与工程学院,沈阳110016 [3]中国科学院金属研究所师昌绪先进材料创新中心,沈阳110016 [4]腐蚀科学与技术创新研究院,广州510530 [5]中国科学院金属研究所分析测试中心,沈阳110016

出　　处：《失效分析与预防》2025年第1期33-38,共6页Failure Analysis and Prevention

基　　金：中国科学院先导专项(XDC04030400)。

摘　　要：相比于回火马氏体基体,残余脱碳层硬度偏低,由于其比例较低,对于样品整体力学性能的影响有限,且金相组织与表面机加白层相近,很难被识别出,导致研究学者对这种少量残留的表面脱碳层的忽略。本文采用球盘式滚动接触疲劳试验机模拟推力轴承进行实验,模拟推力轴承服役环境,研究表面残余脱碳层对轴承钢滚动接触疲劳失效机制的影响。结果表明:表面少量残留的脱碳层不仅会降低轴承钢的RCF寿命,还导致疲劳寿命的离散性显著增加。轴承钢的主要失效机制为服役过程中脱碳层中萌生的近表层裂纹与表面磨痕诱导的表面裂纹同时存在加速滚动接触疲劳失效过程,导致样品滚动接触疲劳寿命的降低和离散性的大幅增大。The hardness of the residual decarburized layer is lower than that of the tempered martensitic matrix.Due to the small amount of the residual decarburized layer,its influence on the overall mechanical properties of the sample is not significant.In addition,its metallographic structure is similar to that of the surface white layer by machining,and thus it is difficult to identify.As a result,researchers tend to neglect the effect of a small amount of residual surface decarburized layer.In the present work,the effect of residual surface decarburized layer on rolling contact fatigue(RCF)failure mechanism of bearing steel was studied by simulating the service environment of thrust bearing with a ball-and disc-type RCF tester.The results show that a small amount of residual surface decarburized layer not only reduces the RCF life of bearing steel,but also significantly increases the dispersity of fatigue life.The main failure mechanism of bearing steel is as follows:In service,near-surface cracks initiating in the decarburized layer and surface cracks induced by surface abrasion accelerate the RCF failure process,resulting in the decrease of RCF life and the dramatic increase of fatigue life dispersity.

关 键 词：脱碳层 轴承钢 滚动接触疲劳 表面裂纹 近表层裂纹 

分 类 号：TG142.1[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]