航空发动机可卸外壳裂纹原因分析  

Cracking Cause Analysis of Detachable Housing of Aero-engine

作　　者：曹江 邓湘于 李琳 刘卫东 CAO Jiang;DENG Xiangyu;LI Lin;LIU Weidong(Ascertain Military Representative Office of the Air force,Chengdu 610000,China;AECC Aerospace Technology Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610000,China)

机构地区：[1]空军某军代表室,成都610000 [2]中国航发航空科技股份有限公司,成都610000

出　　处：《失效分析与预防》2025年第1期67-72,共6页Failure Analysis and Prevention

基　　金：中国航发航空科技股份有限公司创新基金(208001001081)。

摘　　要：发动机可卸外壳作为航空发动机的重要组成部分,不仅起到保护内部精密结构的作用,还承受着复杂的力学环境与热负荷。航空发动机服役数千小时后,在检查燃烧室机匣时发现可卸外壳内环面存在裂纹和掉块。通过对断口进行宏微观观察、金相检查、能谱分析和硬度检测,分析裂纹性质及裂纹产生原因。结果表明:可卸外壳内环面的裂纹性质为疲劳开裂。裂纹起源于壳体内腔点焊缝附近的人为减薄区,区域存在氧化皮压入。内环面壳体的人为减薄区和氧化皮压入残留破坏材料连续性,增加应力集中程度,在振动和气动载荷作用下,促使裂纹萌生和扩展。The removable casing,as an important part of aviation engines,not only serves to protect the internal precision structure but also withstands a complex mechanical environment and thermal load.After an aero-engine had served for thousands of hours,cracks and falling blocks were found in the inner ring surface of the detachable housing during inspection of the combustion chamber casing.Macro-and micro-observation of fracture,microstructure examination,hardness testing,and energy dispersive Xray spectroscopy analysis were carried out to figure out the cracking mode and cause.The results indicate that the cracking mode of the inner ring surface of the detachable housing is fatigue cracking.The crack originated from the artificially thinned area near the spot-welding position of the housing cavity surface,and there was rolled-in scale at the thinned area.The artificially thinned area and rolled-in scale residues destroyed material continuity and increased stress concentration,promoting crack initiation and propagation under vibration and aerodynamic loads.

关 键 词：燃烧室 可卸外壳 疲劳断裂 带材成型缺陷 氧化皮压入 

分 类 号：TG142.24[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]