20世纪80年代以来美国联邦政府基础教育质量保障政策变迁逻辑——历史制度主义分析的视角  

The Logic of the K-12 Education Quality Assurance Policy Changes in US Federal Government Since the 1980s-Perspective of Historical Institutional Analysis

作　　者：蒋观丽 JIANG Guanli

机构地区：[1]天津市教育科学研究院,天津300191

出　　处：《天津市教科院学报》2025年第1期86-95,共10页Journal of Tianjin Academy of Educational Science

基　　金：2023年度湖南省教育科学规划重点项目“美国研究型大学有组织科研的体制机制创新及其启示”(XJK23AGD010);2024年天津市哲学社会科学规划年度项目“数字技术赋能天津教育智库服务政府决策的机理和路径研究”(TJJYQN24-005);天津市教育科学研究院青年课题“‘双一流’建设高校学科组织发展的路径创新研究——以我国四所涉农高校为例”(TJJKY2024-QN-44)。

摘　　要：基础教育质量保障政策是基础教育政策研究的重要命题。20世纪80年代以来,美国联邦政府基础教育质量保障政策变迁经历了三个阶段:联邦权力扩张下的基础教育质量标准倡导阶段、竞争性财政资助下的基于标准的基础教育质量问责阶段、教育市场竞争下的家长和学生自由择校阶段。历史制度主义强调利益和观念对制度建构的作用,路径依赖及否决点影响制度变迁的动态轨迹。从历史制度主义的视角看,美国基础教育质量保障政策变迁呈现强劲的路径依赖,其中变迁的动因是新自由主义经济“竞争—效率—更好地满足消费者”观念否决点和影响国家稳定与政治党派妥协的利益否决点。The quality assurance policy of basic education is an important proposition of basic education policy research.Since the 1980s,the changes of the U.S.federal government′s basic education quality assurance policy has gone through three stages:the advocacy stage of basic education quality standards under the expansion of federal power,the stage of standard-based basic education quality accountability under competitive financial assistance,and the stage of free choice of parents and students under the competition of education market.Historical institutionalism emphasizes the role of interests and ideas on institutional construction,path dependence and veto points affect the dynamic trajectory of institutional change.Based on the analytical framework of historical institutionalism,the changes of basic education quality assurance policy in the United States presents a strong path dependence,among which the change is motivated by the neoliberal economic concept of"competition-efficiency-better satisfaction of consumers"and the interest veto point that affects national stability and political party compromise.

关 键 词：美国联邦政府 基础教育质量保障政策 历史制度主义 变迁特征 路径依赖 

分 类 号：G531[文化科学—教育学]