杜威评价理论的教育意涵探讨  

Discussion on the Educational Implication of Dewey’s Theory of Valuation

作　　者：李春影 陈泽宁 LI Chunying;CHEN Zening(Faculty of Education,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学教育学院,上海200240

出　　处：《现代教育论丛》2025年第1期14-23,共10页Modern Education Review

摘　　要：目前,循证导向的评价成为教育评价活动的主要形式。各种建立在客观数据上对教育评价的讨论超过了对教育目的、教育意义的讨论。这不仅窄化了人们对教育的想象,而且存在导致教育手段与目的颠倒、评价标准与教育价值体系脱离等风险。杜威的评价理论为还原教育评价原有的检验、批判、创造等作用提供了依据。评价理论是杜威价值论的核心部分,它打破了事实与价值、目的与手段、理智与情感的二元对立。杜威以行动为核心,强调行动者与周围环境因素的交互作用,并将实验方法融入到价值评价体系中。这不仅是对以往反价值理论、超验的价值理论以及二元论的修正,也为我们审视当今教育评价中的问题提供了思路。教育评价中要注重评价与价值的关联、与经验的关联;澄清评价与欲望、兴趣的关系,评价既非单纯的情感刺激又非纯粹的理性指导;教育评价中也要强调教育手段目的的相互辩证,保障教育主体经验的连续性。Nowadays,evidence-based evaluation has become the main form of educational evaluation.The discussions based on objective data have to a certain extent surpassed the exploration of the purpose and significance of education.This will not only narrow people’s imagination of education,but also lead to the problems such as reversal of educational means and ends,and the disconnection between evaluation standards and the value system in education.To restore the original role of educational evaluation as a means of verification,criticism,and creation,Dewey’s valuation theory,which is the core part of his value theory,will be a possible approach that can be drawn upon.It breaks the binary between fact and value,purpose and means,and reason and emotion,taking“action”as the core and emphasizes the interaction with environmental factors and integrating experimental methods into Dewey’s value system.Dewey’s theory of experimental empirical value is a subversion of anti-value theory,transcendental value theory and dualism,which provides a new perspective for examining problems in educational evaluation.It reveals that,1)we should pay attentions on the relevance of value,students’experience and educational evaluation;2)We should clarify the relationship between valuation and desiring and interest,which are neither simply emotional stimulus nor pure rational guidance;and 3)We ought to make it clear of the causality of educational means and aims,so as to guarantee the consistency of subjects’experience.The clarification of the core concepts in Dewey’s evaluation theory may provide us with feasible ideas for solving practical problems in the educational evaluation.

关 键 词：杜威 价值 评价理论 经验 行动 

分 类 号：G40-02[文化科学—教育学原理]