医养结合机构非卧床老年人抑郁的发生现状及危险因素分析  

Prevalence and risk factors of depression in non-bedridden elderly in integrated medical and elderly care institutions

作　　者：何红芳 赵德如 HE Hongfang;ZHAO Deru(Department of Biology and Health,Chizhou Vocational and Technical College,Chizhou 247000,China;Department of Internal Medicine,Qingyang Chengxi Hospital)

机构地区：[1]池州职业技术学院生物与健康系,安徽池州247000 [2]青阳城西医院内科

出　　处：《沈阳医学院学报》2025年第2期123-128,173,共7页Journal of Shenyang Medical College

基　　金：安徽省2024年青年骨干教师境内访学研修资助项目(No.JNFX2024131);“医养结合”背景下社区居家养老服务的探索研究安徽省高校科研重点项目(No.2024AH052916)。

摘　　要：目的:探讨医养结合机构非卧床老年人抑郁的发生现状,并对其危险因素进行分析。方法:采用便利抽样法,选取2023年1月至2024年1月池州地区医养结合机构内196例非卧床老年人为研究对象,使用简版老年抑郁量表(GDS-15)对老年人的抑郁水平进行评定,采用一般资料调查表、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)以及SF-12简明健康调查量表对非卧床老年人抑郁相关的因素进行收集,采用多因素Logistic回归分析医养结合机构非卧床老年人抑郁发生的危险因素。结果:196例非卧床老年人中,68例存在抑郁,检出率为34.69%。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,文化程度低(OR=2.644, 95%CI:1.259~5.551),缺乏体育锻炼(OR=2.976, 95%CI:1.456~6.081)、智能训练(OR=2.981, 95%CI:1.446~6.145)及社会活动(OR=3.822,95%CI:1.805~8.093),健康状况较差(OR=3.450,95%CI:1.578~7.543)及生活质量较低(OR=3.979,95%CI:1.890~8.375)是抑郁发生的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论:医养结合机构非卧床老年人抑郁检出率较高,针对上述因素,应加强心理健康管理,促进文化教育、体育锻炼和社会参与,提升老年人生活质量,预防抑郁的发生。Objective:To investigate the prevalence of depression in non-bedridden elderly in integrated medical and elderly care institutions and analyze its risk factors.Methods:Using convenience sampling,196 non-bedridden elderly individuals from integrated medical and elderly care institutions in Chizhou from Jan 2023 to Jan 2024 were selected as subjects.The Geriatric Depression Scale-15(GDS-15)was used to assess the depression levels of the elderly.A general information questionnaire,the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI),and the SF-12 Health Survey were used to collect factors related to depression in non-bedridden elderly.Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors for depression in non-bedridden elderly in integrated medical and elderly care institutions.Results:Among the 196 non-bedridden elderly individuals,68 exhibited depression,with a detection rate of 34.69%.Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that lower education level(OR=2.644,95%CI:1.259-5.551),lack of physical exercise(OR=2.976,95%CI:1.456-6.081),cognitive training(OR=2.981,95%CI:1.446-6.145),and social activities(OR=3.822,95%CI:1.805-8.093),poorer health status(OR=3.450,95%CI:1.578-7.543),and lower quality of life(OR=3.979,95%CI:1.890-8.375)were independent risk factors for depression(P<0.05).Conclusions:The detection rate of depression among non-bedridden elderly in integrated medical and elderly care institutions is relatively high.Targeted interventions,such as strengthening mental health management,promoting cultural education,physical exercise,and social participation,and improving quality of life,should be implemented to prevent depression.

关 键 词：医养结合机构 非卧床老年人 抑郁 现状调查 危险因素 

分 类 号：R749[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]