重点生态功能区县域生态安全格局构建与优化——以太湖县为例  

Construction and Optimization of Ecological Security Patterns in Key Ecological Function Areas:a Case Study of Taihu County

作　　者：王爱 司新峰 李紫敬 WANG Ai;SI Xinfeng;LI Zijing(School of Architecture and Planning,Anhui Jianzhu University,Hefei 230601;Anhui Urbanization Development Research Center,Hefei 230601)

机构地区：[1]安徽建筑大学建筑与规划学院,合肥230601 [2]安徽省城镇化发展研究中心,合肥230601

出　　处：《北京建筑大学学报》2025年第1期22-31,共10页Journal of Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture

基　　金：安徽省自然科学基金项目(2008085QE241);安徽省住房城乡建设科学技术计划项目(2023-YF003);安徽省中青年教师培养行动优秀青年教师培育项目(YQYB2023012)。

摘　　要：县域生态安全格局建设在重点生态功能区中具有重要作用,是推动国家生态文明建设和保障区域生态安全的关键。传统的构建路径中,忽略了具有重要生态禀赋的关键节点的精确识别,并在生态流通参数设定上存在模糊性,不利于精准刻画县域生态价值特征。以太湖县为研究对象,综合运用MSPA-MCR-circuit空间计量模型,识别生态源地、提取生态廊道、判别关键生态节点,实现生态安全格局的可视化模拟。结果表明:研究区内26处生态源地呈西北-东南两地集中分布,构建75条生态廊道和53个生态节点。结合生态要素和太湖县国土空间规划,构建三心、两区、三轴、两廊、多节点的生态安全格局,并提出以自然保护为主、减少人类干扰,以及自然保护与生态修复并重的2种优化路径。综合空间计量模型结合了多种模型的优点,全面考虑生物多样性流动,精准识别关键生态节点,对于提升相似重点生态功能区的生态韧性具有重要的参考价值。The construction of county-level ecological security patterns plays a crucial role in key ecological function areas,serving as a cornerstone for advancing national ecological civilization and ensuring regional ecological security.Traditional construction approaches often overlook the precise identification of“critical nodes”with significant ecological attributes and exhibit ambiguity in the setting of ecological flow parameters,which hinders the accurate depiction of the ecological value characteristics of counties.Taking Taihu county as a case study,a combination of Morphological Spatial Pattern Analysis(MSPA),Minimum Cumulative Resistance(MCR),and Circuit Theory spatial econometric models are used to identify ecological sources,extract ecological corridors,and determine critical ecological nodes,thereby achieving a visual simulation of the ecological security pattern.The results indicate:26 ecological sources are concentrated in the northwest and southeast of the study area,with 75 ecological corridors and 53 ecological nodes constructed.Based on ecological elements and the territorial spatial planning of Taihu county,an ecological security pattern of“three centers,two zones,three axes,two corridors,and multiple nodes”is established.Two optimization pathways are proposed:“prioritizing natural protection to reduce human interference”and“balancing natural protection with ecological restoration.”The integrated spatial econometric model combines the strengths of various models,fully considering biodiversity flow and precisely identifying critical ecological nodes,providing valuable insights for enhancing the ecological resilience of similar key ecological function areas.

关 键 词：生态安全格局 电路理论 最小累积阻力模型 太湖县 

分 类 号：TU98[建筑科学—城市规划与设计] X231[环境科学与工程—环境科学]