种植密度和施肥水平对啤酒大麦农艺性状和籽粒淀粉特性的影响  

Effects of Planting Density and Fertilization Level on Agronomic Traits and Grain Starch Characteristics of Malting Barley

作　　者：王楚轶 王紫阳 黄蓉 周瑞 吕荣梅 康志钰[1] WANG Chuyi;WANG Ziyang;HUANG Rong;ZHOU Rui;LYU Rongmei;KANG Zhiyu(College of Agronomy and Biotechnology,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学农学与生物技术学院,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《云南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第1期22-30,共9页Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science

基　　金：云南省重大科技专项子课题(202102AE090014-4);云南农业大学学生科技创新基金(2023Y00-05)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究种植密度和施肥水平对啤酒大麦农艺性状和籽粒淀粉特性的影响。【方法】以啤酒大麦品种云啤511为材料,设置低(90.0万株/hm^(2))、中(112.5万株/hm^(2))、高(135.0万株/hm^(2))3种种植密度,F0(不施肥)、F1(施复合肥180 kg/hm^(2))、F2(施尿素180 kg/hm^(2))、F3(施尿施素45 kg/hm^(2)+复合肥135 kg/hm^(2))、F_(4)(施尿素90 kg/hm^(2)+复合肥90 kg/hm^(2))和F5(施尿素135 kg/hm^(2)+复合肥45 kg/hm^(2))6种施肥水平,通过种植密度和施肥水平2因素随机区组试验,测定主要农艺性状以及花后各器官可溶性糖和籽粒淀粉含量,并对可溶性糖含量及籽粒淀粉含量进行相关性分析。【结果】在相同施肥水平下,中密度种植的啤酒大麦产量显著高于其他密度处理,低密度种植的大麦分蘖数总体高于中、高密度处理。在相同种植密度处理下,F_(4)处理更有利于花后灌浆活跃期各器官对可溶性糖的积累,最终其籽粒淀粉含量高于其他施肥处理。【结论】云啤511在种植密度为112.5万株/hm^(2)、施肥量为尿素90 kg/hm^(2)+复合肥90 kg/hm^(2)的条件下可以满足生长需求。研究结果可为大麦的绿色、高效栽培提供理论依据。[Purpose]To study the effects of planting density and fertilization level on agronomic traits and grain starch characteristics of malting barley.[Methods]The malting barley variety‘Yunpi 511’was used as material,three planting densities:low(900000 plants/hm^(2)),medium(1125000 plants/hm^(2))and high(1350000 plants/hm^(2)),and six fertilization levels:F0(no fertilization),F1(applying compound fertilizer 180 kg/hm^(2)),F2(applying urea 180 kg/hm^(2)),F3(applying urea 45 kg/hm^(2)+compound fertilizer 135 kg/hm^(2)),F_(4)(applying urea 90 kg/hm^(2)+compound fertilizer 90 kg/hm^(2)),and F5(applying urea 135 kg/hm^(2)+compound fertilizer 45 kg/hm^(2)),were set.The main agronomic traits as well as soluble sugar and grain starch contents of each organ after flowering were determined by a two-factor randomized group trial with planting density and fertilization level,and correlation analyses of soluble sugar content and grain starch content were carried out.[Results]Under the same fertilization level,the yield of malting barley planted at medium density was significantly higher than that of other density treatments,and the tillers number of barley planted at low density was generally higher than that at medium and high density treatments.Under the same planting density treatment,F_(4) treatment was more conducive to the accumulation of soluble sugar in various organs during the active period of post-anthesis filling,and its final grain starch content was higher than that of other fertilization treatments.[Conclusion]Yunpi 511 can meet the growth requirements under the conditions of planting density of 1125000 plants/hm^(2) and fertilization of urea 90 kg/hm^(2)+compound fertilizer 90 kg/hm^(2).The results of the study can provide theoretical basis for the green and efficient cultivation of barley.

关 键 词：肥料 密度 啤酒大麦 农艺性状 淀粉 

分 类 号：S512.310.62[农业科学—作物学]