反思与启示:非洲埃博拉疫情防控的人类学应用  

Reflections and Insights:The Role of Anthropology in Responding to the Ebola Epidemic in Africa

作　　者：李永祥[1] Li Yongxiang

机构地区：[1]云南大学西南边疆少数民族研究中心,昆明市650091

出　　处：《民族研究》2025年第1期44-57,M0003,M0004,共16页Ethno-National Studies

基　　金：云南大学民族生态学创新团队,云南省社会科学院、中国(昆明)南亚东南亚研究院文化人类学学科建设项目和生态文明建设排头兵研究创新团队的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：在非洲埃博拉疫情的防控和应对工作中,世界卫生组织非同寻常地邀请人类学家、流行病学家、动物学家等组成疫情防控专家组,到埃博拉病毒重灾的“一线”社区进行防控工作,人类学家在多学科团队中利用学科优势,进行田野调查,关注底层社会的日常生活和文化信仰,化解应急防控中出现的各种矛盾,有力地支持了疫区各国政府及世界卫生组织的工作。“学院派分析者”成为疫情爆发地区的“一线”“实干家”和“实时参与者”。非洲埃博拉疫情的人类学应对和实践对世界其他地区疫情防控具有较大的启发意义,对灾害人类学、医学人类学和应用人类学的理论研究和实践也有重要的价值和贡献。In the response to the Ebola epidemic in Africa,the World Health Organization(WHO) extraordinarily invited anthropologists,epidemiologists,zoologists and other experts to form an expert response group to carry out prevention and control work in "frontline" communities severely affected by the Ebola virus.Because anthropologists leverage disciplinary strengths within multidisciplinary teams,paying attention to the daily life and cultural beliefs of the local society,resolving various contradictions in the affected areas,and effectively supporting the work of local governments and the World Health Organization, "academic analysts"(anthropologists) have become "frontline", "doers",and "real-time actors" in the Ebola outbreak areas.The anthropological response to the Ebola epidemic in Africa holds significant value for epidemic prevention and control in other regions worldwide.It also makes important contributions to the theories and practices of disaster anthropology,medical anthropology,and applied anthropology.

关 键 词：埃博拉病毒 疫情防控 人类学理论方法 非洲 

分 类 号：R18[医药卫生—流行病学]