真空吸盘的仿生设计与吸附性能分析  

Bionic design and adsorption performance analysis of vacuum sucker

作　　者：熙鹏 丛茜[2] 叶绍波 李红波[1] 张燕青[1] XI Peng;CONG Qian;YE Shao-bo;LI Hong-bo;ZHANG Yan-qing(College of Agricultural Engineering,Shanxi Agricultural University,Jinzhong 032699,China;College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering,Jilin University,Changchun 130022,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学农业工程学院,山西晋中032699 [2]吉林大学生物与农业工程学院,长春130022

出　　处：《吉林大学学报(工学版)》2025年第1期382-391,共10页Journal of Jilin University:Engineering and Technology Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51775234);山西省高等学校科技创新项目(2021L162);山西农业大学博士科研启动项目(2021BQ35);山西省博士毕业生来晋工作奖励资金科研项目(SXBYKY2021076)。

摘　　要：本文从仿生学角度出发,对基于鲍鱼腹足优良吸附性的仿生吸盘吸附性能进行研究。通过提取腹足表面形态设计仿生吸盘,并对吸盘吸附性进行模拟分析,选取模拟结果良好的仿生吸盘进行拉伸实验,根据实验结果探究吸附机理。结果表明,密封环宽度对仿生吸盘Mises应力具有较大影响,而沟槽距吸盘中心距离与沟槽分布数量的影响很小。密封环宽度为1.5mm的仿生吸盘所受Mises应力要大于宽度为3 mm的仿生吸盘。在40%真空度下,密封环宽度为1.5 mm,沟槽距吸盘中心距离为20 mm,沟槽分布数量为12的仿生吸盘具有最大吸附力,其最大吸附力比标准吸盘提高了5.32%。本研究表明仿生吸盘可以有效提高吸盘的吸附性能。仿生吸盘密封环结构可以有效阻止吸盘边缘向内收缩,同时沟槽结构可以延缓吸盘内腔与外界连通的可能,从而达到提高吸盘吸附性能的目的。The adsorption performance of bionic sucker based on the excellent adsorption of abalone abdominal foot was studied from the perspective of bionics.The surface morphology of the abdominal foot was extracted to design the bionic sucker,and the adsorption of the sucker was simulated and analyzed.The bionic sucker with good adsorption was selected for tensile test,and the adsorption mechanism was explored according to the experimental results.The width of the sealing ring has a great effect on the Mises stress of the bionic sucker,while the distance between the groove and the center of the sucker and the number of grooves distribution have little effect.The stress on the sucker bottom with a sealing ring width of 1.5 mm is greater than that of the bionic sucker with a width of 3 mm.The bionic sucker with the width of sealing ring of 1.5 mm,the distance between groove and center of sucker of 20 mm,and the number of grooves distributed is 12 has the largest adsorption force under 40%vacuum degree,and its maximum adsorption force is 5.32%higher than that of standard sucker.The bionic sucker can improve the adsorption performance of the sucker.The bionic sucker sealing ring structure can effectively prevent the edge of the sucker from shrinking inward and the groove structure can delay the connection between the inner cavity of the sucker and the outside,which is the key to improving the adsorption performance of the sucker.

关 键 词：工程仿生学 吸盘 鲍鱼 密封环 条纹沟槽 吸附性 

分 类 号：TB17[生物学—生物工程] TB79