健康与患病穿心莲根际土壤理化性质及微生物多样性分析  

Microbial Diversity and Physicochemical Properties of Rhizosphere Soil of Healthy and Diseased Andrographis paniculata

作　　者：李永芹 周思彤 许乐乐 王锂韫 LI Yongqin;ZHOU Sitong;XU Lele;WANG Liyun(Life Science and Technology School of Lingnan Normal University,Zhanjiang 524048,China)

机构地区：[1]岭南师范学院生命科学与技术学院,广东湛江524048

出　　处：《中国实验方剂学杂志》2025年第7期172-181,共10页Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae

基　　金：湛江市科技计划项目(2022A01054);广东省教育厅项目(2021KCXTD039)。

摘　　要：目的:分析健康与患病穿心莲根际土壤中微生物群落结构组成和多样性,探究病害发生过程中土壤、植物、微生物三者间的相互作用。方法:测定健康和患病穿心莲根际土壤理化性质,利用illumina高通量测序技术分别对健康与患病穿心莲根际土壤细菌和真菌序列进行测序分析,并进一步探讨了土壤理化性质与根际微生物相关性。结果:患病穿心莲根际土壤中全氮、全钾和速效钾的含量显著高于健康穿心莲。与健康株相比,患病穿心莲根际土壤细菌和真菌群落Alpha多样性和操作性分类单元(OUT)丰度均有所下降。健康与患病穿心莲根际土壤微生物优势群落组成相似,但相对丰度存在差异;在门水平上,患病植株根际土壤中变形菌门细菌(Proteobacteria)和壶菌门(Chytridiomycota)真菌相对丰度显著提升、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidota)细菌显著降低;在属水平上,患病植株根际土壤中鞘氨醇单胞菌属(Sphingomonas)、假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)、苔藓杆菌属(Bryobacter)细菌丰度显著增加,而酸杆菌属(RB41)细菌呈显著下降。相关性分析表明,健康与患病穿心莲根际微生物门类与土壤环境因子的相关性表现出明显差异,有机质、碱解氮、速效磷、全钾等与健康穿心莲根际微生物中部分优势细菌和真菌门类相对丰度具有相关性,碱解氮、全磷与患病穿心莲根际微生物部分优势细菌和真菌门类相对丰度具有相关性。结论:健康和患病穿心莲根际土壤中微生物群落多样性和丰富度均存在差异,土壤环境因子有可能对穿心莲根际微生物产生影响从而诱发穿心莲疾病。研究结果为穿心莲疾病预防和生态治理提供科学依据。Objective:To analyze the diversity and structural characteristics of microbial communities in the rhizosphere soil of healthy and diseased Andrographis paniculata and to explore the interactions of soil,plants,and microorganisms during the occurrence of diseases.Methods:The physicochemical properties of the rhizosphere soil of healthy and diseased A.paniculata were determined,and the composition and diversity of bacterial and fungal communities in the rhizosphere soil were analyzed by Illumina high-throughput sequencing.Furthermore,the correlations between physicochemical properties and microorganisms of the rhizosphere soil were explored.Results:The content of total nitrogen,total potassium,and available potassium in the rhizosphere soil of diseased A.paniculata was significantly higher than that of healthy A.paniculata.The alpha diversity and richness(operational taxonomic units)of bacterial and fungal communities in the rhizosphere soil of diseased plants decreased compared with those of healthy plants.The microbial communities in the rhizosphere soil of healthy and diseased A.paniculata showed similar composition but different relative abundance.At the phylum level,the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Chytridiomycota significantly increased,while that of Bacteroidota significantly decreased in the rhizosphere soil of diseased plants.At the genus level,the relative abundance of Sphingomonas,Pseudomonas,and Bryobacter significantly increased,while that of RB41 showed a significant decrease in the rhizosphere soil of diseased plants.The correlation analysis showed different correlations of microbial phyla with physicochemical properties of the rhizosphere soil between healthy and diseased plants.Organic matter,alkaline nitrogen,available phosphorus,and total potassium were correlated with the relative abundance of some dominant bacterial and fungal phyla in the rhizosphere soil of healthy plants,while available nitrogen and total phosphorus were correlated with the relative abundance of some dominant bac

关 键 词：穿心莲 根际土壤 微生物多样性 群落结构 土壤理化性质 

分 类 号：S151.9[农业科学—土壤学] R282[农业科学—农业基础科学] R289[医药卫生—中药学]