老年恶性肿瘤合并肌少症的研究进展  

Research progress on sarcopenia with malignant tumor in the elderly

作　　者：石艳清[1] 韩晖[2] 洪华山[1] Shi Yanqing;Han Hui;Hong Huashan(Department of Geriatrics,Fujian Medical University Union Hospital,Fujian Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging,Fujian Institute of Geriatrics,Fujian Clinical Research Center of Vascular Aging and brain aging,Fuzhou 350001,China;Breast Surgery Ward,Fujian Medical University Union Hospital,Fuzhou 350001,China)

机构地区：[1]福建医科大学附属协和医院老年医学科,福建省血管衰老重点实验室,福建省老年医学研究所,福建省老年血管衰老与脑老化医学研究中心,福州350001 [2]福建医科大学附属协和医院乳腺外科,福州350001

出　　处：《中华老年医学杂志》2025年第3期366-371,共6页Chinese Journal of Geriatrics

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2020YFC2008604)。

摘　　要：肌少症在老年恶性肿瘤患者中发生率高,二者常形成恶性循环。肌少症增加老年患者恶性肿瘤治疗不良反应甚至死亡风险;恶性肿瘤进展及肿瘤相关的某些治疗可能导致肌少症患病风险增加或程度加重,加剧老年人躯体功能障碍。除了恶性肿瘤晚期进入缓和治疗阶段,建议老年患者在恶性肿瘤确诊时及肿瘤相关治疗开始前可进行肌少症筛查,必要时进行较全面的老年评估,提高肌少症检出率、明确肌少症的风险因素。结合干预目标、肿瘤治疗阶段、躯体功能等因素,权衡获益与风险,在老年多学科团队协作模式下,实行包含个体化营养治疗、渐进式抗阻训练的整体照料,保持或改善骨骼肌量、力量和躯体功能,改善老年恶性肿瘤合并肌少症患者预后与转归。Sarcopenia is highly prevalent in old patients with cancer,forcing a vicious circle.Sarcopenia increases the incidence of tumor treatment-related side effects and even mortality risk in the elderly.The progression and certain treatments of cancer can lead to an increased risk or severity of sarcopenia,which exacerbate in older adults,accompanied by aggravated physical function impairment.Except for patients with terminal malignant tumors undergoing palliative therapy,screening for sarcopenia is recommended for older patients at the time of diagnosis of malignancy and before initiation of tumor-related treatment,and a more comprehensive geriatric assessment should be conducted,if necessary,to improve the detection rate of sarcopenia and identify the risk factors of sarcopenia.A clear treatment plan should be tailored to meet the needs of tumor treatment at each stage,and the benefits and risks should be weighed in consideration of the intervention goals and physical function status.It is a promising intervention that holistic care including individualized nutrition therapy and progressive resistance training,in collaboration with the multi-disciplinary team,to maintain or improve skeletal muscle mass,strength and physical function,and improve the prognosis and outcome of cancer among elderly patients with sarcopenia.

关 键 词：恶性肿瘤 肌少症 营养治疗 渐进性抗阻训练 

分 类 号：R73[医药卫生—肿瘤]