住院老年心力衰竭患者焦虑现状及影响因素  

The status of anxiety in hospitalized elderly patients with heart failure and its influencing factors

作　　者：梁玉兰 易进 张娜 崔飞环 吕强 吕晓珍[2] 蔡松 宁新惠[4] 王雪梅 王华丽[2] LIANG Yulan;YI Jin;ZHANG Na(Beijing Anzhen Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing Institute of Heart,Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院,北京市心肺血管疾病研究所,北京100029 [2]北京大学第六医院,北京大学精神卫生研究所,卫生部精神卫生学重点实验室(北京大学),国家精神心理疾病临床医学研究中心,北京大学第六医院 [3]北京市隆福医院 [4]北京市第六医院

出　　处：《国际精神病学杂志》2025年第1期249-252,共4页Journal Of International Psychiatry

基　　金：首都卫生发展科研专项项目(编号:首发2016-1-4117);首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院高水平研究专项学科建设项目(编号:2024AZC4003)。

摘　　要：目的 调查住院老年心力衰竭(以下简称“心衰”)患者的焦虑状况,并探索其相关影响因素。方法 连续登记于2018年5月~2018年12月期间在北京市三家综合医院部分心内科病房住院的老年心力衰竭患者247例,其中183例(74.09%)患者符合研究要求。以广泛性焦虑量表(GAD-7)评估患者焦虑状况。使用自编问卷收集人口学资料及疾病信息。采用Logistic回归分析老年心衰患者合并焦虑的影响因素。结果 33.33%(61例)的患者有不同程度的焦虑,其中轻、中、重度焦虑的比例分别为14.21%(26例)、13.66%(25例)和5.46%(10例),19.13%(35例)的患者存在临床显著的焦虑,纽约心功能分级(NYHA)Ⅲ/Ⅳ级(OR=2.541,95%CI:1.139~5.670,P<0.05)及生活自理能力下降(OR=2.406,95%CI:1.126~5.138,P<0.05)的住院老年心力衰竭患者合并焦虑的风险更高,而丧偶者合并焦虑的风险更低(OR=0.213,95%CI:0.074~0.616,P<0.05)。结论 焦虑是住院老年心衰患者普遍存在的心理现象,心功能差、生活自理能力下降者焦虑的风险可能更高,而丧偶群体中焦虑的风险可能更低,但还需要进一步研究。Objective To investigate the anxiety status of hospitalized elderly patients with heart failure and explore its related influencing factors.Methods A total of 247 elderly patients with heart failure hospitalized in the Department of Cardiology of three general hospitals in Beijing from May 2018 to December 2018 were consecutively enrolled,of which 183(74.09%)patients met the study requirements.Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7(GAD-7)was used to evaluate the anxiety status of patients.A self-designed questionnaire was used to collect demographic data and disease information.Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of anxiety in elderly patients with heart failure.Results Sixty-one patients(33.33%)had different degrees of anxiety,and the proportions of mild,moderate and severe anxiety were 14.21%(26 cases),13.66%(25 cases)and 5.46%(10 cases),respectively.Thirty-five patients(19.13%)had clinically significant anxiety.Patients with NYHAⅢ/Ⅳ(OR=2.541,95%CI:1.139-5.670,P<0.05)and decreased self-care ability(OR=2.406,95%CI:1.126-5.138,P<0.05)had higher risk of anxiety,and widowed patients had a lower risk of anxiety(OR=0.213,95%CI:0.074-0.616,P<0.05).Conclusion Anxiety is a common psychological phenomenon in hospitalized elderly patients with heart failure.The risk of anxiety may be higher in patients with poor cardiac function and decreased self-care ability,and the risk of anxiety may be lower in the widowed group,but further studies are warranted.

关 键 词：老年 心力衰竭 焦虑 患病率 影响因素 

分 类 号：R749.2[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]