泌乳母猪低蛋白质饲粮必需氨基酸限制性顺序研究  

Study on Restrictive Order of Essential Amino Acids in Low-Protein Diet for Lactating Sows

作　　者：韩萌萌 龚渝 廉潇 弯梦辽 李博文 王睿泽 郭秋平[1] 段叶辉[1] 陈红羽 李凤娜[1,2] HAN Mengmeng;GONG Yu;LIAN Xiao;WAN Mengliao;LI Bowen;WANG Ruize;GUO Qiuping;DUAN Yehui;CHEN Hongyu;LI Fengna(Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process,Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region,Institute of Subtropical Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changsha 410125,China;College of Advanced Agricultural Science,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China;Tangrenshen Group Limited Company,Zhuzhou 412007,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所,亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室,动物营养生理与代谢过程湖南省重点实验室,长沙410125 [2]中国科学院大学现代农业科学学院,北京100049 [3]湖南农业大学动物科学技术学院,长沙410128 [4]唐人神集团股份有限公司,株洲412007

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2025年第3期1597-1613,共17页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1300503)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在利用氨基酸部分扣减法研究泌乳母猪低蛋白质饲粮赖氨酸(Lys)、蛋氨酸(Met)、苏氨酸(Thr)、色氨酸(Trp)和缬氨酸(Val)的限制性顺序,为精准评估氨基酸营养需要量以及建立氨基酸平衡模式提供理论基础。选取84头胎次、预产期和体重相近的“长×大”二元母猪,随机分为6组,每组14个重复,每个重复1头猪。对照组(LP组)饲粮中粗蛋白质(CP)水平为15%;其余5个试验组在LP组饲粮的基础上进行目标氨基酸的扣减,分别为:LP-Lys组[扣减20%回肠标准可消化(SID)Lys]、LP-Met组(扣减20%SID Met)、LP-Thr组(扣减20%SID Thr)、LP-Trp组(扣减20%SID Trp)和LP-Val组(扣减20%SID Val)。各组饲粮净能(NE)和CP水平一致。试验期28 d(从妊娠第107天至分娩后第21天)。结果表明:1)母猪生产性能方面,与LP组相比,饲粮扣减20%SID Lys或SID Val均显著提高初生仔猪弱仔数(P<0.05);饲粮扣减20%SID Lys、SID Met或SID Trp均显著提高母猪体损失(P<0.05)。2)母猪泌乳性能方面,与LP组相比,饲粮扣减20%SID Val显著降低母猪泌乳量(P<0.05);饲粮扣减20%SID Lys或SID Val显著降低仔猪平均日增重(ADG)和断奶个体重(P<0.05),饲粮扣减20%SID Thr显著降低仔猪ADG(P<0.05)。此外,饲粮扣减20%SID Lys还降低初乳和常乳中乳蛋白质含量,且在常乳中达到显著水平(P<0.05);饲粮扣减20%SID Val不仅显著降低常乳中乳蛋白质含量(P<0.05),而且显著降低常乳中乳糖含量(P<0.05);饲粮扣减20%SID Thr显著降低常乳中乳蛋白质含量(P<0.05)。3)氨基酸代谢及饲粮营养物质表观消化率方面,饲粮扣减20%目标氨基酸均提高血清尿素氮(UN)和乳尿素氮(MUN)含量,其中,LP-Lys组和LP-Val组表现较为显著(P<0.05),其次为LP-Thr组、LP-Met组和LP-Trp组。与LP组相比,饲粮扣减20%SID Lys显著降低母猪血清Lys含量(P<0.05);同时,LP-Lys组血清Met、Thr、Val、异亮氨酸(Ile)和苯丙氨酸(Phe)含量均高于其他各组。与LP组相比,饲粮�This experiment aimed to investigate the restrictive order of lysine(Lys),methionine(Met),threonine(Thr),tryptophan(Trp)and valine(Val)in low-protein diet for lactating sows by amino acid partial deduction method,so as to provide theoretical basis for accurate evaluation of amino acid nutritional requirements and establishment of amino acid balance model.A total of 84“Landrace×Large White”sows with similar parity,expected delivery dates and body weight were selected and randomly divided into 6 groups with 14 replicates in each group and one sow in each replicate.The dietary crude protein(CP)level in the control group(LP group)was 15%;the other five experimental groups were subjected to target amino acid deduction on the basis of LP group diet as follows:LP-Lys group[20% deduction of standard ileal digestible(SID)Lys],LP-Met group(20%deduction of SID Met),LP-Thr group(20% deduction of SID Thr),LP-Trp group(20% deduction of SID Trp),and LP-Val group(20% deduction of SID Val).Dietary net energy(NE)and CP levels were consistent in all groups.The trial lasted for 28 days(from day 107 of gestation to day 21 after delivery).The results showed as follows:1)in terms of performance of sows,compared with LP group,dietary 20% deduction of SID Lys or SID Val significantly increased the weak litter number of newborn piglets(P<0.05);dietary 20% deduction of SID Lys,SID Met or SID Trp significantly increased the weight loss of sows(P<0.05).2)In terms of lactation performance of sows,compared with LP group,dietary 20% deduction of SID Val significantly decreased the milk yield of sows(P<0.05);dietary 20% deduction of SID Lys or SID Val significantly decreased the average daily gain(ADG)and weaning body weight of piglets(P<0.05),and dietary 20% deduction of SID Thr significantly decreased the ADG of piglets(P<0.05).In addition,dietary 20% deduction of SID Lys decreased the milk protein content in colostrum and normal milk,and reached a significant level in normal milk(P<0.05);dietary 20% deduction of SID Val not only signific

关 键 词：低蛋白质饲粮 必需氨基酸 限制性顺序 泌乳母猪 生产性能 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]