发酵黑水虻对斑点叉尾鮰生长、肝脏生化指标、消化吸收和免疫力的影响  

Effects of Fermented Black Soldier Fly on Growth,Liver Biochemical Indices,Digestion and Absorption and Immunity of Channel Catfish(Ictalurus punctatus)

作　　者：郑雨顺 陈桂琼 黄文庆 胡俊茹 彭凯 黄燕华 邹记兴 王国霞 ZHENG Yushun;CHEN Guiqiong;HUANG Wenqing;HU Junru;PENG Kai;HUANG Yanhua;ZOU Jixing;WANG Guoxia(Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition,Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Institute of Animal Science,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,China;College of Marine Sciences,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China;Guangzhou Fishtech Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510640,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院动物科学研究所,农业农村部华南动物营养与饲料重点实验室,广东省畜禽育种与营养研究重点实验室,广州510640 [2]华南农业大学海洋学院,广州510642 [3]广州飞禧特生物科技有限公司,广州510640

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2025年第3期1940-1953,共14页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：广东省现代农业产业技术体系创新团队建设项目(2023KJ115);广东省饲料产业技术体系(2024CXTD14)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究饲料中添加发酵黑水虻对斑点叉尾鮰生长、肝脏生化指标、消化吸收和免疫力的影响。在基础饲料中添加0(G0)、2%(G2)、4%(G4)和8%(G8)发酵黑水虻鲜物质(对应发酵黑水虻风干物质添加量分别为0、10.4、20.8和41.6 g/kg)配制4种等氮等脂的试验饲料。选取初始质量(2.75±0.01) g的斑点叉尾鮰480尾,随机分成4组,每组3个重复,每个重复40尾,开展56 d的养殖试验。结果显示:饲料中添加不同水平发酵黑水虻未对斑点叉尾鮰的摄食率(FR)产生显著影响(P>0.05)。与对照组(G0组)相比,G2组增重率(WGR)、特定生长率(SGR)、肥满度(CF)显著提高(P<0.05);G8组脏体比(VSI)、肝体比(HSI)和肠体比(ISI)显著下降(P<0.05);G2组肝脏甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)含量及谷丙转氨酶(GPT)、谷草转氨酶(GOT)活性显著降低(P<0.05);G4组肝脏碱性磷酸酶(AKP)和酸性磷酸酶(ACP)活性显著增加(P<0.05);G2组肝脏AKP、ACP活性和补体3(C3)含量显著增加(P<0.05)。此外,G2组肠道胰蛋白酶和Na^(+)-K^(+)-ATP酶活性以及肠道肌层厚度、绒毛长度和杯状细胞数均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。综上所述,在斑点叉尾鮰饲料中添加发酵黑水虻可以促进其生长,增强消化吸收能力,保护肝脏健康和提高非特异性免疫能力,鲜物质基础下添加量为2%(风干物质基础下添加量为10.4 g/kg)时效果最优。This study aimed to investigate the effects of adding fermented black soldier fly(BSF)to the diet on the growth,liver biochemical indices,digestion and absorption and immunity of channel catfish(Ictalurus punctatus).Four diets with 0(G0),2%(G2),4%(G4)and 8%(G8)fermented BSF by fresh matter(the corresponding air-dry matter addition was 0,10.4,20.8 and 41.6 g/kg,respectively)were formulated to be isonitrogenous and isolipidic.A total of 480 Ictalurus punctatuss with an initial body weight of(2.75±0.01)g were randomly divided into four groups,with three replicates per group and 40 fish per replicate.A 56-day feeding trial was conducted.The results showed that the feeding rate(FR)of Ictalurus punctatus was not significantly affected by the addition of fermented BSF in the diet(P>0.05).Compared with the control group(G0 group),the weight gain rate(WGR),specific growth rate(SGR)and condition factor(CF)in the G2 group were significantly improved(P<0.05);the visceral-somatic index(VSI),hepato-somatic index(HSI)and intestinal-somatic index(ISI)in the G8 group were significantly reduced(P<0.05);the contents of triglycerides(TG)and total cholesterol(TC),and the activities of glutamic-pyruvic transaminase(GPT)and glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase(GOT)in the liver of Ictalurus punctatus in the G2 group were significantly decreased(P<0.05);the alkaline phosphatase(AKP)and acid phosphatase(ACP)activities in the liver of the G4 group was significantly increased(P<0.05),while the AKP and ACP activities and complement 3(C3)content in the G2 groups was significantly increased(P<0.05);the activities of intestinal trypsin and Na^(+)-K^(+)-ATPase in the G2 group were significantly increased(P<0.05).Moreover,the muscular thickness,villus length and goblet cell count of intestine showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with the addition of fermented BSF,and these parameters were significantly higher in the G2 group than in the control group(P<0.05).In summary,the addition of fermented BSF to the diet of Ictalurus punctat

关 键 词：发酵黑水虻 斑点叉尾鮰 生长性能 消化酶 生化指标 免疫 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]