杂交构树叶片、叶柄、茎秆及全株的营养价值及分子结构特性研究  

Study on Nutritive Values and Molecular Structural Features of Leaf,Petiole,Stem,and Whole Plant of Hybrid Broussonetia papyrifera

作　　者：江雨霏 毕小兵 王茜 马涛[3] 黄艳玲[1] 史海涛 JIANG Yufei;BI Xiaobing;WANG Xi;MA Tao;HUANG Yanling;SHI Haitao(Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization,Ministry of Education,College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine,Southwest Minzu University,Chengdu 610041,China;Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center in Kongtong District of Pingliang City,Pingliang 744000,China;Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Feed Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]西南民族大学畜牧兽医学院,青藏高原动物遗传资源保护与利用教育部重点实验室,成都610041 [2]平凉市崆峒区动物疫病预防控制中心,平凉744000 [3]中国农业科学院饲料研究所,农业农村部饲料生物技术重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2025年第3期2066-2080,共15页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家重点研发项目(2022YFD1601605);国家现代农业产业技术体系四川肉羊创新团队建设专项经费(SCCXTD-2024-14);西南民族大学双一流项目(XM2023005);国家民委中青年英才培养计划项目(2020)。

摘　　要：本研究旨在对比分析杂交构树不同部位(叶片、叶柄、茎秆上部、茎秆下部及全株)的营养价值及分子结构特性,为反刍动物非常规粗饲料资源的开发和饲粮配方设计提供基础数据。试验采用概略养分分析法和康奈尔净碳水化合物和蛋白质体系(CNCPS)评定杂交构树不同部位的营养成分含量,同时结合傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)技术分析杂交构树不同部位的分子结构特性。结果表明:1)杂交构树不同部位的营养成分和CNCPS组分存在显著差异(P<0.05)。其中,茎秆下部的中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)、酸性洗涤木质素(ADL)、碳水化合物(CHO)和纤维素含量最高;叶片的粗蛋白质(CP)、可溶性纤维(CB_(2))、可消化纤维(CB_(3))和纤维结合蛋白质(PB_(2))含量最高。2)杂交构树不同部位的CHO和蛋白质分子结构参数存在显著差异(P<0.05)。其中,叶片的α-螺旋与β-折叠的峰高比值最高,而叶柄的α-螺旋与β-折叠的峰高比值、酰胺Ⅰ区与酰胺Ⅱ区的峰高比值最低。3)杂交构树不同部位的CHO、蛋白质分子结构参数与其对应的化学成分之间存在显著的相关性(P<0.05)。综上所述,杂交构树不同部位的营养价值及分子结构特性存在显著差异,设计饲粮配方时,应充分考虑所选用的构树部位及其相对比例。建议侧重选育叶片比例高、茎秆木质化程度低的构树品种,同时适当提高刈割高度,降低茎秆下部的比例,从而提升所收获构树原料的营养价值;营养成分与分子结构参数之间的相关性可为开发快速、无损预测杂交构树营养成分和饲用价值的模型提供数据支持。This study aimed to compare and analyze the nutritive profiles and molecular structural features of different fractions(leaf,petiole,upper part of the stem,bottom part of the stem,and the whole plant)of the hybrid Broussonetia papyrifera variety,and to provide basic data for the development of unconventional roughage resources for ruminants and the design of forage formulations.This study was conducted to assess the nutrient content of different parts of hybrid Broussonetia papyrifera using probabilistic nutrient analysis and Cornell net carbohydrate and protein system(CNCPS),and to analyze the molecular structural profiles of different parts of hybrid Broussonetia papyrifera using Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)spectroscopy technique.The results showed as follows:1)different parts of hybrid Broussonetia papyrifera exhibited varying nutrient compositions and CNCPS fractions(P<0.05).The contents of neutral detergent fiber(NDF),acid detergent fiber(ADF),acid detergent lignin(ADL),total carbohydrates(CHO),and cellulose in the bottom part of the stem were higher.The leaf had the highest value of crude protein(CP),soluble fiber(CB_(2)),digestible fiber(CB_(3)),and fiber-bound protein(PB_(2))contents.2)Different parts of hybrid Broussonetia papyrifera exhibited varying molecular structural features of carbohydrates and protein(P<0.05).The leaf possessed the highest peak height ratio ofα-helix/β-sheet while the petiole had the lowest peak height ratios for both amideⅠ/amideⅡandα-helix/β-sheet.3)Correlations were also observed between carbohydrate and protein molecular structural data and their corresponding chemical components and CNCPS fractions(P<0.05).In conclusion,different sections of hybrid Broussonetia papyrifera exhibit varying nutrient compositions and molecular structural properties.When designing ration formulations,full consideration should be given to the selected parts of hybrid Broussonetia papyrifera and their relative proportions.Future efforts should focus on selecting hybrid Broussonetia papy

关 键 词：杂交构树 营养价值 分子结构 FTIR 相关关系 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]