当代帝国主义如何征服人口?--一个马克思主义的政治人口学分析  

How Does Contemporary Imperialism Conquer Populations?—A Marxist Critique of Political Popuology

作　　者：林进龙 穆光宗[2] LIN Jinlong;MU Guangzong

机构地区：[1]清华大学马克思主义学院 [2]北京大学人口研究所

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第1期92-111,共20页Journal of China Agricultural University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“当代资本主义的本质特征、重大问题和影响研究”(22&ZD054)。

摘　　要：一个缺少对人口进行安排和征服的帝国主义是不可能展开自身的。当代帝国主义不仅重新定义了“人口”,也改写了“征服”的意涵。对于传统帝国主义来说,“人口”是指与地理空间绑定的(比如一个国家或区域内的)所有居民;而对当代帝国主义来说,“人口”则是指以某种特征定义的、可以分化处置的个体集合,这种特征不限于地理空间属性。传统帝国主义的“征服”意味着占领、统治和剥削,通过直接“否定”殖民地人口的价值与意义来为自身辩解。当代帝国主义的“征服”不仅包括否定和剥削,还包括“承认”,使被征服的人口自觉成为帝国主义运作的一部分。当代帝国主义的奥秘在于,通过隐蔽和复杂的手段,对不同特征的人口进行分化、控制和管理,潜在地征服每一个处在随机游走和历史张力中的个体,并能够自我强化和再生产权力结构的不平等。这种新型的政治人口学操作方式,在一定程度上延缓了资本主义的崩溃过程。如果对帝国主义来说,“否定”对应的是“征服”和延续全球霸权;那么对马克思主义来说,“否定”则意味着“解放”和实现社会主义,而一旦实现了全部人口的解放,这种政治人口学运作也将走向消亡。An imperialism that lacks the organization and conquest of populations cannot sustain itself.Contemporary imperialism not only redefines"population"but also rewrites the meaning of""conquest."For traditional imperialism,"population"refers to allresidents within a geographic space(e.g.,a country or region);for contemporary imperialism,"population"refers to a collection of individuals defined by certain characteristics,which are not limited to geographic attributes.Traditional imperialist"conquest"meant occupation,domination,and exploitation,justifying itself through the direct"negation"of the value and significance of colonial populations.Contemporary imperialist"conquest"includes not only negation and exploitation but also"recognition,"making the conquered populations consciously part of the imperialist operation.The secret of contemporary imperialism lies in its concealed and complex methods of differentiating,controlling,and managing populations with various characteristics,potentially conquering every individual caught in the random flux and historical tensions,while self-reinforcing and reproducing unequal power structures.This shift in the operational method of population-power dynamics has,to some extent,delayed the collapse of capitalism.In the context of imperialist practices,"negation"corresponds to"conquest"and the perpetuation of global hegemony;for Marxism,"negation"means"liberation"and the realization of socialism.Once the liberation of all populations is achieved,population-power dynamics will cease to exist.

关 键 词：当代帝国主义 资本主义 人口 征服 马克思主义 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]