7种草本植物对北大湖雪道的修复效果  

The Effect of 7 Herbaceous Plants on the Beidahu Ski Slopes

作　　者：赵溪月 刘刚[1] 裴乙达 陆斐[1] ZHAO Xiyue;LIU Gang;PEI Yida;LU Fei(Jilin Academy of Forestry Sciences,Jilin Jilin 132000)

机构地区：[1]吉林市林业科学研究院,吉林吉林132000

出　　处：《林业科技》2025年第2期45-49,共5页Forestry Science & Technology

基　　金：吉林市科技发展计划项目(编号:20200502072)。

摘　　要：北大湖雪道中部植被的退化极其严重,主要为裸露的岩石,地段几乎没有植物,破坏了当地的生态平衡。而草本在雪道生态修复、提高土壤稳定性中起着重要作用。选择7种东北地区常见草本种子进行室内发芽试验、温室播种试验、圃地播种试验、雪道栽培适应性试验分析。结果如下:(1)在相同处理方式下,室内发芽表现为黑麦草>紫羊茅>水稗>剪股颖>白车轴草>早熟禾>蒲公英;(2)温室播种试验中,黑麦草的出苗时间短、出苗率最高,长势最好,能够100%控制杂草。蒲公英出苗率较低且控制杂草能力弱;(3)圃地播种试验在相同的生长周期中,平均茎长最高的剪股颖(62.66 cm)较平均茎长最低的白车轴草(21.85 cm)高186.77%。平均根长最大的水稗(19.6 cm)较平均根长最短的早熟禾(8.19 cm)高139.32%。抗拉力情况为:水稗(18.76 N)>黑麦草(7.14 N)>剪股颖(4.43 N)>紫羊茅(4.36 N)>蒲公英(3.57 N)>早熟禾(3.36 N)>白车轴草(2.11 N);(4)雪道栽培适应性试验中黑麦草播种成活率高达90%,草皮移植黑麦草、水稗整体长势表现良好。黑麦和水稗在不具备植物生长的地形条件下依然能够成活,具备在全是大石砺基本无土壤覆盖的地段存活的能力。The vegetation in the middle of the Beidahu Ski Trail is extremely degraded,mainly bare rocks,and there are almost no plants in the area,which destroys the local ecological balance.Herbs play an important role in the ecological restoration of ski slopes and the improvement of soil stability.Seven common herbaceous seeds in Northeast China were selected for indoor germination test,greenhouse sowing test,nursery sowing test,and slope cultivation adaptability test.Here are the results:(1)Under the same treatment,indoor germination was manifested as ryegrass>purple fescue>farmyard>shearweed>white axle grass>early maturing grass>dandelion.(2)In the greenhouse sowing test,ryegrass had a short seedling emergence time,the highest seedling emergence rate,the best growth,and could control weeds 100%.Dandelion seedling emergence rate is low and weed control ability is weak.(3)In the same growth cycle,the highest average stem length(62.66 cm)was 186.77%higher than that of the lowest average stem length(21.85 cm).The average root length of the largest water farmyard(19.6 cm)was 139.32%higher than that of the shortest average root length of Po precocious(8.19 cm).The tensile tensile strength was as follows:farmyard (18.76 N), ryegrass (7.14 N)> shearweed (4.43 N), purple fescue (4.36 N), >> dandelion (3.57 N>), poa precocious(3.36 N), > white axle grass(2.11 N).(4) In the experiment of adaptability of snow road cultivation, the survival rate of ryegrass was as high as 90%, and the overall growth of turf transplanted ryegrass and farmyard was good.Rye and farmyard can survive in terrain that does not allow plants to grow, and have the ability to survive in areas where there is little soil cover in large stone cuts.

关 键 词：雪道生态修复 草本 北大湖 

分 类 号：X171.4[环境科学与工程—环境科学]