大米和小麦中砷含量的测定及风险评估  

Determination and risk assessment of arsenic in rice and wheat

作　　者：方晨璐 李超 刘李婷 陈珊珊 王珺 FANG Chen-lu;LI Chao;LIU Li-ting;CHEN Shan-shan;WANG Jun(Xianyang Polytechnic Institute,Xi'an 712000,China;Agricultural and Sideline Food Jnstitute,Shaanxi Institute of Product Quality Supervision and Inspection,Xi'an 710048,China)

机构地区：[1]咸阳职业技术学院医药化工学院,陕西西安712000 [2]陕西省产品质量监督检验研究院农副食品所,陕西西安710048

出　　处：《化学工程师》2025年第3期24-28,共5页Chemical Engineer

基　　金：咸阳职业技术学院科研基金资助项目(No.2022BK05)。

摘　　要：研究氢化物发生原子荧光光谱法和液相色谱-氢化物发生荧光光谱法的灵敏度和精密度,测定不同地区大米和小麦中总砷和无机砷含量,并对砷摄入引起的健康风险进行评估。对GB 5009.11-2024中总砷(第一篇第二法)和无机砷(第二篇第一法)的测定方法稍作修改来测定不同地区的大米和小麦样品。通过目标危害系数法来评估砷摄入引起的健康风险。两个方法测定大米和小麦中总砷和无机砷均具有较低的检出限,总砷检出限分别为0.0015mg·kg^(-1)和0.0012mg·kg^(-1),无机砷检出限分别为0.0024mg·kg^(-1)和0.0021mg·kg^(-1),精密度良好;大米和小麦样品总砷含量分别在0.069~0.184mg·kg^(-1)和0.016~0.065mg·kg^(-1)之间,无机砷含量在0.042~0.149mg·kg^(-1)和0.004~0.029mg·kg^(-1)范围内。长期食用部分地区的大米对儿童和成人存在一定的潜在健康风险,而食用小麦对引起砷摄入风险的可能性较小。To study the sensitivity and precision of hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry and liquid chromatography hydride generation fluorescence spectrometry,determine the content of total arsenic and inorganic arsenic in rice and wheat in different regions,and assess the health risk caused by arsenic intake.The determination methods of total arsenic(Part I,Method 2)and inorganic arsenic(Part II,Method 1)in GB 5009.11-2024 were slightly modified to determine rice and wheat samples from different regions.The health risk caused by arsenic intake was assessed by target hazard coefficient method.Both methods have low detection limits for total arsenic and inorganic arsenic in rice and wheat,with detection limits of 0.0015mg·kg^(-1)and 0.0012mg·kg^(-1)for total arsenic and 0.0024mg·kg^(-1)and 0.0021mg·kg^(-1)for inorganic arsenic,respectively,with good precision;The total arsenic content of rice and wheat samples is 0.069~0.184mg·kg^(-1)and 0.016~0.065mg·kg^(-1)respectively,and the inorganic arsenic content is 0.042~0.149mg·kg^(-1)and 0.004~0.029mg·kg^(-1).Long term consumption of some rice has certain potential health risks for children and adults,while consumption of wheat is less likely to cause arsenic intake risk.

关 键 词：总砷 无机砷 风险评估 大米 小麦 

分 类 号：O657.3[理学—分析化学]