南亚高压初登高原时间对中国东部盛夏降水的影响  

The Impact of the Time when the South Asian High First Landing the Tibetan Plateau on Midsummer Precipitation in Eastern China

作　　者：李怡辛 范广洲[1,2] 华维 LI Yixin;EFAN Cuangzhou;HUA Wei(College of Atmospheric Sciences,Chengdu University of Information Technology,Chengdu 610225,China;Plateau Atmosphere and Environment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Chengdu,610225 China;Meteorological Disaster Prediction and Warning Engineering Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Chengdu 610225,China)

机构地区：[1]成都信息工程大学大气科学学院,四川成都610225 [2]高原大气与环境四川省重点实验室,四川成都610225 [3]四川省气象灾害预测预警工程实验室,四川成都610225

出　　处：《成都信息工程大学学报》2025年第2期163-169,共7页Journal of Chengdu University of Information Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(42075019、42275022);第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究资助项目(2019QZKK010203)。

摘　　要：为分析南亚高压初次登陆青藏高原早晚对中国东部地区盛夏(7-8月)降水的影响,基于1951-2015年ERA5再分析资料和APHRODITE亚洲逐日陆地降水资料,采用相关分析、合成分析、滑动t检验和M-K检验等统计方法分析南亚高压初登高原时间的气候特征及其对中国东部盛夏降水的影响。结果表明:(1)南亚高压初登高原时间在20世纪80年代初发生突变,且初登高原时间与南亚高压各特征指数间存在密切联系,即初登越晚,南亚高压强度越强、面积越大,且西太平洋副热带高压偏强,反之亦然。(2)近几十年来南亚高压初登高原时间与中国东部地区盛夏降水的相关关系由南至北呈“正一负”的空间分布,与江淮流域盛夏降水呈显著正相关关系,而与华北地区盛夏降水呈显著负相关关系。合成分析表明,南亚高压初登早年,中国东部降水由南至北呈“偏少一偏多”的分布特征,对应呈偶极型降水分布;而初登晚年,中国东部降水由南至北呈“偏少一偏多一偏少”三极型降水分布。(3)进一步对大气环流进行分析表明,南亚高压初登高原的时间早晚可通过形成异常气旋和反气旋,改变对流层高层和低层的环流形势,造成中国东部异常的垂直运动和水汽输送,最终对降水产生影响。To analyze the impact of the time when the South Asian High(SAH)first reached the Tibetan Plateau on the midsummer precipitation in eastern China,based on the ERA5 reanalysis data and the APHRODITE Asian daily land precipitation dataset during 1951-2015,with statistical methods such as correlation analysis,synthesis analysis,slide ttest and M-K test were used to analyze the climate characteristics of the SAH during its initial landfall on the plateau and its impact on midsummer precipitation in eastern China.The results indicate that:(1)The first landing time of the SAH underwent a sudden change in the early 1980s,and there was a certain correlation between SAH and various characteristic indices.The later the SAH landed,the stronger and larger it was.The same of true for the the West Pacific subtropical high and vice versa.(2)In recent decades,the correlation between the time of the first ascent of the plateau of the SAH and the midsummer precipitation in the eastern part of China has a"positive to negative"spatial distribution from south to north,and The landing time series of the SAH is positively correlated with midsummer precipitation in the Jianghuai region,and negatively correlated with it in North China.Synthetic analysis showed that in the early years of landfall,the precipitation in eastern China showed a dipole distribution pattern,with a"less to more"distribution pattern from south to north.In the later years of landfall,the precipitation in the eastern part of China showed a three-pole distribution pattern,with a distribution pattern of"less to more to less"from south to north.(3)Further analysis of the atmospheric circulation shows that the early or late arrival of the SAH on the plateau can change the circulation patterns in the upper and lower troposphere through the formation of anomalous cyclones and anticyclones,leads to the abnormal vertical movement and water vapor transport in the east of China and finally affects the precipitation.

关 键 词：南亚高压 盛夏降水 大气环流 气候变化 时空特征 

分 类 号：P425[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]