20世纪上半叶媒介视域下巴斯德形象在中国的构建与现实回响  

The construction and realistic response of Pasteur’s image in China from the perspective of media in the first half of the 20th century

作　　者：刘贵福[1] 张功远 Liu Guifu;Zhang Gongyuan(School of History and Culture,Liaoning Normal University,Dalian 116081,China;College of Marxism,Northeast Electric Power University,Jilin 132011,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁师范大学历史文化学院,辽宁大连116081 [2]东北电力大学马克思主义学院,吉林132011

出　　处：《辽宁师范大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第2期130-137,共8页Journal of Liaoning Normal University(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：吉林省教育厅人文社会科学研究一般项目“红色文化融入高校网络思想政治教育研究”(JJKH20230093SZ)。

摘　　要：20世纪初,巴斯德的形象经由中国赴法留学归来的知识分子群体引入中国知识界。基于各自立场与学术视角,中国知识分子对巴斯德形象进行了多元化的构建与诠释。巴斯德形象在中国的传播过程,经历了从济世话语向救国话语的转变,并最终回归到济世话语的轨道上。“九一八”事变爆发之前,巴斯德被塑造为人道主义的科学家形象;“九一八”事变后巴斯德被塑造为民族主义的科学家形象;抗战胜利后部分知识分子更是将其视为神明般的存在,巴斯德成为近代知识分子促进民族觉醒、挽救民族危机的精神榜样。在巴斯德精神的影响下,上海巴斯德研究院得以建立,巴斯德形象由宣传深入至实践层面。巴斯德形象的塑造不仅映射出近代知识分子对中国出路的探索与对“大同”社会的期待,同时也彰显了科学的巨大力量,坚定了中国人民救亡图存的信心,这一形象满足了中国人民在理性与情感层面的双重需求。In the early 20th century,the image of Pasteur was introduced to the Chinese intellectual community through the group of Chinese intellectuals who returned from studying in France.Based on their respective positions and academic perspectives,Chinese intellectuals have diversified their construction and interpretation of the image of Pasteur.In the process of spreading the image of Pasteur in China,it underwent a transformation from a discourse of saving the country to a discourse of saving the nation,and ultimately returned to the track of a discourse of saving the country.Before the outbreak of the September 18 Incident,Pasteur was portrayed as a humanitarian scientist.After the September 18 Incident,Pasteur was portrayed as a nationalist scientist.After the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japan,some intellectuals even regarded it as a divine existence,and Pasteur became a spiritual example for modern intellectuals to promote national awakening and save national crises.Under the influence of the Pasteur spirit,the Shanghai Pasteur Institute was established,and the image of Pasteur went from propaganda to practical level.The creation of Pasteur’s image not only reflects the modern intellectuals’exploration of China’s way out and their expectation of a“Great Harmony”society,but also demonstrates the great power of science and strengthens the confidence of the Chinese people in saving the nation from subjugation.This image meets the dual needs of the Chinese people in terms of rationality and emotion.

关 键 词：巴斯德 科学救国 人道主义 民族主义 

分 类 号：K25[历史地理—历史学]